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Women at Midlife
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An Assessment of the NIH Women's Health Initiative
The National Institutes of Health Women's Health Initiative (WHI) is the largest research study ever funded by NIH ($625 million over 14 years) and is designed to test strategies to prevent cardiovascular disease, breast cancer, and osteoporotic fracturesâ€"leading causes of death, disability, and decreased quality of life for older women. Although the WHI has already begun, serious questions remain about its design, cost, and the likelihood that it can answer the questions it asks. This book evaluates whether the effort can be justified scientifically.
The Premenstrual Syndrome
Despite a plethora of theories, premenstrual syndrome (PMS) has remained an enigma. There has persisted in the literature a constant conflict as to the existence of the syndrome, a question as to whether it is one syndrome or several, and a debate as to whether the origin is psychic, somatic, or both. Advances in endocrinology, specifically in radioligand assays, allowing for accurate hormone measurements, have precipitated a more scientific evaluation of PMS in recent years. Nonetheless, diffi culties have persisted in accumulating well-documented data because of the protean nature of the syndrome. Indeed, even at this time, the question of what requires measurement during the follicular ph...
The Climacteric: An Update
THE JAN PALFIJN SYMPOSIA In 1979 the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the Jan Palfijn Hospital in Merksem, Antwerp, celebrated its 25th Anniver sary. To mark the occasion, the first symposium was organized, the theme chosen being hysteroscopy. Thanks to the cooperation of specialists from both within and outside Belgium the event attracted such a large attendance that it was decided to follow up this first venture with others. In the light of the experience gained from the first symposium, we established the Jan Palfijn Foundation for Gynaecological and Obstetrical Didactics, the reasons for this being budgetary and, in particular, organizational. This approach made it possible to...
The Controversial Climacteric
Three International Congresses on the Menopause have been held during the last five years, evidence of the explosive increase in the scient ific study of this subject. The first, held in La Grande Motte, near Montpellier, France, inJune 1976, was designed to provide a consensus on menopause research (van Keep et al., 1976). The second, held in Jerusalem, was planned to assess the developing research (van Keep et al., 1979). The objective of the third congress, convened inJune 1981 in Ostend, Belgium, under the auspices of the International Menopause Society, was to explore areas of controversy in basic understanding and in the therapeutic advances relating to the climacteric. The workshop moderators were selected because of their acknow ledged leadership in menopause research, and each was invited to arrange a workshop on a specific area of interest or concern. The moderators, whilst being given a free hand as far as the selection of invited speakers was concerned, were asked to allow plenty of time for open discussion. In particular, they were encouraged to stimulate debate about controversial issues.
Encounters with Aging
Margaret Lock explicitly compares Japanese and North American medical and political accounts of female middle age to challenge Western assumptions about menopause. She uses ethnography, interviews, statistics, historical and popular culture materials, and medical publications to produce a richly detailed account of Japanese women's lives. The result offers irrefutable evidence that the experience and meanings—even the endocrinological changes—associated with female midlife are far from universal. Rather, Lock argues, they are the product of an ongoing dialectic between culture and local biologies. Japanese focus on middle-aged women as family members, and particularly as caretakers of el...
Female and Male Climacteric
The decision taken during the First International Congress on the Menopause in June 1976 to repeat the exercise 2 years later turned out to be a good one. In the last few years much work has been done on the subject of the menopause. I t is, of course, a subject of many facets, but of particular importance recently has been the work done as a result of the reports appearing in 1975 and 1976 alleging an increase in the incidence of endometrial carcinoma in women who had used oestrogens, and of other effects, some beneficial others deleterious, reportedly seen when oestrogens were administered. 1978 seemed the right time to re-assess the situation, and the Second Inter national Congress on the Menopause provided a good platform. The congress was held in Jerusalem in June 1978. It took the form of a series of 12 workshops, each of which, within a prescribed framework, was planned and presided over by a moderator experi enced in that particular field. The 12 moderators were free to organize their sessions in whichever way they wished, and to invite whoever they wished to present papers and to join in the discussions. In addition the workshops were open to anyone who wished to attend.
Women’s Health and Menopause
The population structure in the world is rapidly changing, to the extent that in 75 years we will face a tripling of the elderly population. Although women are favored in terms of life expectancy, they also live with a longer period of disability (approximately twice that of aging men), as well as with the enemies of all the elderly, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and dementia. Menopause is the endocrine event that overlaps with aging, potentially worsening both the quality of life and the risks of disease in women.While the effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on menopausal symptoms is generally viewed as rapid and consistent, and is thereby accepted by the scientific community, its relationship to the other aforementioned chronic conditions associated with menopause is considered variable and controversial.In analyzing these complex issues, this volume yields new and significant insights into both the study of menopause-related disorders and their treatment, by illustrating the most recent information on mechanisms of actions of new estrogen receptors and on the use of sophisticated techniques of statistical analysis for population-based studies.
Menopause Manager, The
Provides women with complete information on menopause and guidance on how to make the best health-care choices.
Modernity, Medicine and Health
This book establishes the voice of medical sociology in key debates in the social sciences. Concerning modernity, postmodernity, structuralism and poststructuralism issues covered include: * disease and medicine in postmodern times * gender, health and the feminist debate on the postmodern * ageing, the lifecourse and the sociology of health and ageing * medicine and complementary medicine * death in postmodernity.
