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European Collections of Scientific Instruments, 1550-1750
Collections of scientific instruments originated as part of Renaissance collections of 'naturalia' and 'artificialia'. Surveying and astronomical instruments were common in such collections, their role being to impress visitors by displaying the power that a ruler acquired through the control of nature. This book offers selected studies of notable European collections of scientific instruments from the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries. These studies also present the work of important instrument makers of the time, and their relations with patrons and rulers. A final section focuses on the role of modern museums and collectors in saving this scientific heritage from dispersal. The result is a contemporary perspective on the formation of the most important museums of the history of science. Contributors include: Paolo Brenni, Filippo Camerota, Gloria Clifton, Wolfram Dolz, Sven Dupré, Karsten Gaulke, Sven Hauschke, Michael Korey, Mara Miniati, Tatiana M. Moisseeva, Peter Plaßmeyer, Klaus Schillinger, Giorgio Strano, Koenraad Van Cleempoel, and Ewa Wyka. Scientific Instruments and Collections, 1
True-3D in Cartography
As corroborated by the never-sagging and even increasing interest within the last decade, the intuitive attraction of "True 3D" in geodata presentation is well worth covering its current status and recent developments in a compendium like the present one. It covers most aspects of (auto-) stereoscopic representation techniques of both topographic and thematic geodata, be they haptic or not. Theory is treated as well as are many fields of concrete applications. Displays for big audiences and special single-user applications are presented, well-established technologies like classical manual fabrication of landscape reliefs contrast with cutting-edge developments
Underground Mathematics
Thomas Morel tells the story of subterranean geometry, a forgotten discipline that developed in the silver mines of early modern Europe. Mining and metallurgy were of great significance to the rulers of early modern Europe, required for the silver bullion that fuelled warfare and numerous other uses. Through seven lively case studies, he illustrates how geometry was used in metallic mines by practitioners using esoteric manuscripts. He describes how an original culture of accuracy and measurement paved the way for technical and scientific innovations, and fruitfully brought together the world of artisans, scholars and courts. Based on a variety of original manuscripts, maps and archive material, Morel recounts how knowledge was crafted and circulated among practitioners in the Holy Roman Empire and beyond. Specific chapters deal with the material culture of surveying, map-making, expertise and the political uses of quantification. By carefully reconstructing the religious, economic and cultural context of mining cities, Underground Mathematics contextualizes the rise of numbered information, practical mathematics and quantification in the early modern period.
Illustrating the Phaenomena
In this volume all extant celestial maps and globes made before 1500 are described and analysed. It also discusses the astronomical sources involved in making these artefacts in antiquity, the Middle Ages, the Islamic world and the European Renaissance before 1500.
Arab Painting
Arab painting, preserved mainly in manuscript illustrations of the 12th to 14th centuries, is here treated as an artistic corpus fully deserving of appreciation in its own terms, and not as a mere precursor to Persian painting. The book assembles papers by a distinguished list of scholars that illuminate the variety of material that survives in scientific as well as literary manuscripts. Because of the contexts in which the paintings appear, a major theoretical concern is, precisely, the relationship of painting to text. It rejects earlier scholarly habits of analysing paintings in isolation, and proposes the integration of text and image as a more satisfactory framework within which to elucidate the characteristics and functions of this impressive body of work.
Der Globusfreund
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Festungsbau
Eine bastionäre Festung bzw. Festungsstadt stellte eine zentrale Herausforderung für die zeitgenössischen theoretischen und angewandten Wissenschaften dar. Ihre planerische Bewältigung erforderte einen bislang unbekannten organisatorischen, vermessungstechnischen und gestalterischen Aufwand. Die Elemente des Festungsgürtels mussten auf solche Weise angeordnet werden, dass wechselseitige Deckungen und lückenlose Verteidigung möglich wurden. Die Verknüpfung der fortifikatorischen Praxis mit mathematischem und philosophischem Wissen erlaubte es jedoch, die gesamte sichtbare Welt nach geometrischen und optischen Gesetzen neu einzurichten, letztlich die militärische in eine kulturelle Te...
Farbe - Macht - Koerper : Kritische Weissseinsforschung in der europaeischen Kunstgeschichte
Vom 16. bis 18. Jahrhundert wurden in Europa »Haut-farben« stereotypisiert und als wesentliche »Rassemerk-male« stilisiert. Farbe ist von zentraler Bedeutung für künstlerische Körperkonstruktionen, und so liegt die Frage nahe, inwiefern Kunst rassistische Diskurse visuell vorbereitet hat und damit strukturelle Gewalt ausübt. Die Autorin weist nach, dass die Materialisierung ima-ginärer Bilder in Kunstwerken zur Etablierung von Differenz beitrug. Die europäische Kunstgeschichte nach 1945 nahm diese Differenz als Normalität hin und hat die entsprechenden Konstruktionsprozesse bisher kaum aufgearbeitet.
Milestones in Analog and Digital Computing
This Third Edition is the first English-language edition of the award-winning Meilensteine der Rechentechnik; illustrated in full color throughout in two volumes. The Third Edition is devoted to both analog and digital computing devices, as well as the world's most magnificient historical automatons and select scientific instruments (employed in astronomy, surveying, time measurement, etc.). It also features detailed instructions for analog and digital mechanical calculating machines and instruments, and is the only such historical book with comprehensive technical glossaries of terms not found in print or in online dictionaries. The book also includes a very extensive bibliography based on ...
