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Pandemic Influenza Preparedness and Response
This guidance is an update of WHO global influenza preparedness plan: the role of WHO and recommendations for national measures before and during pandemics, published March 2005 (WHO/CDS/CSR/GIP/2005.5).
Pandemic Influenza Preparedness Partnership Contribution High-Level Implementation Plan III 2024-2030
The Pandemic Influenza Preparedness (PIP) Framework's Partnership Contribution (PC) High-Level Implementation Plan III (HLIP III) outlines the strategy for strengthening global pandemic influenza preparedness from 2024 to 2030. HLIP III takes into consideration the lessons learned from the response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the gains made over time, including from previous HLIPs, and the broader programmatic and policy context in order to address gaps in pandemic influenza preparedness. The HLIP III Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) Framework serves as an integral companion to the implementation plan. It facilitates technical implementation and monitoring by teams across the three levels of the Organization, and provides a reference guide for all beneficiaries and stakeholders to understand how progress is measured against the HLIP III results hierarchy.
Pandemic Influenza Preparedness Framework
The PIP Framework is a broad-based partnership to improve global pandemic influenza preparedness and response. The Framework, which grew out of the re-emergence of A(H5N1) influenza in 2004, was adopted by WHO’s 194 Member States at the World Health Assembly on 24 May 2011. Section 6.14.3 of the Framework establishes an annual Partnership Contribution (“PC”) to be paid by influenza vaccine, diagnostic and pharmaceutical manufacturers using the WHO Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System (GISRS). Resources contributed are to be used to strengthen pandemic influenza preparedness and response. WHO has published two prior high-level implementation plans to outline the use of the ...
A Global History of Influenza
A Global History of Influenza traces flu's changing identity as a global disease through the 20th century. This book explores how the virus was first characterised as an infectious disease without borders by British, European and American medical and public health professionals at the fin de siècle; it then illuminates the crucial role of the 1918-19 pandemic in transforming influenza into a paradigmatic global infection and one of the key problems of 20th-century international health. Michael Bresalier charts the identification of the influenza virus in 1933 and how the subsequent development of new laboratory technologies to track the virus and produce vaccines underpinned the creation of...
Uniting the world in the fight against influenza: the global influenza surveillance and response system
GISRS is a truly unique global public health achievement and one of the most enduring international public health collaborations in history. From its early beginnings as a network of 26 laboratories, GISRS now encompasses more than 150 laboratories in more than 100 countries. These laboratories provide the expertise needed to vigilantly monitor and quickly respond to the continuous threat posed by seasonal, zoonotic and pandemic influenza viruses. In 2017--65 years after its founding--discussions were held on how best to mark such an achievement. The long history of GISRS is paved with the tireless efforts of countless dedicated scientists working in developed and developing countries alike-...
Pandemic Influenza Preparedness Framework: eighteen-month progress report, 1 January 2022–30 June 2023
The Pandemic Influenza Preparedness (PIP) Framework is a World Health Assembly resolution adopted unanimously by all Member States in 2011. It brings together Member States, industry, other stakeholders and WHO to implement a global approach to pandemic influenza preparedness and response. The Framework includes a benefit-sharing mechanism called the Partnership Contribution (PC). The PC is collected as an annual cash contribution from influenza vaccine, diagnostic, and pharmaceutical manufacturers that use the WHO Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System (GISRS). Funds are allocated for: (a) pandemic preparedness capacity building; (b) response activities during the time of an infl...
Exploring Lessons Learned from a Century of Outbreaks
In November 2018, an ad hoc planning committee at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine planned two sister workshops held in Washington, DC, to examine the lessons from influenza pandemics and other major outbreaks, understand the extent to which the lessons have been learned, and discuss how they could be applied further to ensure that countries are sufficiently ready for future pandemics. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from both workshops.
Global Spread of the Avian Flu
Avian influenza, or 'bird flu', is a contagious disease of animals caused by viruses that normally infect only birds and, less commonly, pigs. Avian influenza viruses are highly species-specific, but have, on rare occasions, crossed the species barrier to infect humans. In domestic poultry, infection with avian influenza viruses causes two main forms of disease, distinguished by low and high extremes of virulence. The so-called "low pathogenic" form commonly causes only mild symptoms (ruffled feathers, a drop in egg production) and may easily go undetected. The highly pathogenic form is far more dramatic. It spreads very rapidly through poultry flocks, causes disease affecting multiple inter...
Guidance on development and implementation of a national deployment and vaccination plan for vaccines against pandemic influenza and other respiratory viruses of pandemic potential
Vaccines are powerful weapons in the fight against pandemic viruses as shown by responses to both the 2009 H1N1 influenza and the COVID-19 pandemics. However, planning for accessing, allocating and deploying vaccines in a pandemic situation is a complex endeavour, beset with multiple challenges at all levels – local, regional and global. The World Health Organization (WHO) and its partners have prepared this revised guidance document to assist countries update their national deployment and vaccination plans (NDVPs) by leveraging global learnings from past pandemic responses, including the recent COVID-19 vaccination effort. The development and testing of a NDVP would not only advance pandemic preparedness efforts but would also have benefits in terms of increasing national capabilities to manage other health emergencies which require emergency vaccination campaigns.
