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National Military Establishments and the Advancement of Science and Technology
To some philosophers, seeking to understand the human condition, technology is a necessary guide. But to think through the complex human phenomenon of technology we must tackle philosophy of science, philosophy of culture, moral issues, comparative civilizational studies, and the economics of specific industrial and military technologies in their historical contexts. The philoso pher wants to grasp the technological factor in this troubled world, even as we see it is only one factor, and that it does not speak openly for itself. Put directly, our human troubles to a considerable extent have been transformed, exaggerated, distorted, even degraded, perhaps transcended, by what engi neers and s...
The Historical Development of Quantum Theory
Quantum Theory, together with the principles of special and general relativity, constitute a scientific revolution that has profoundly influenced the way in which we think about the universe and the fundamental forces that govern it. The Historical Development of Quantum Theory is a definitive historical study of that scientific work and the human struggles that accompanied it from the beginning. Drawing upon such materials as the resources of the Archives for the History of Quantum Physics, the Niels Bohr Archives, and the archives and scientific correspondence of the principal quantum physicists, as well as Jagdish Mehra's personal discussions over many years with most of the architects of quantum theory, the authors have written a rigorous scientific history of quantum theory in a deeply human context. This multivolume work presents a rich account of an intellectual triumph: a unique analysis of the creative scientific process. The Historical Development of Quantum Theory is science, history, and biography, all wrapped in the story of a great human enterprise. Its lessons will be an aid to those working in the sciences and humanities alike.
The Emergence of Geophysics: A Journey into the Twentieth Century
How did geophysics begin? Who were the pioneers of this new science? What instruments did they devise to measure the Earth-related phenomena they were interested in? This Memoir attempts to answer such questions in a well-illustrated, and largely non-technical, account. The seventeenth century saw magnetism used as an aid to prospecting for iron ore in Sweden, and Isaac Newton’s derivation of the law of gravitational attraction. A gradually increasing interest in ‘physics of the Earth’ brought forth the new discipline of ‘geophysics’ in the early nineteenth century and, by the end of the following century, airborne and satellite-based investigations had become routine. The Emergence of Geophysics explores this evolution in several parallel strands: terrestrial magnetism and electricity, gravity, seismicity, heat, geodynamics and radioactivity, broadly reflecting the timing of their introduction as tools aiding geophysical studies. Biographical information is included for many of its practitioners and the book should be of interest to both geophysicists and to anyone interested in the history of Earth science.
Physics Before and After Einstein
It is now a century ago that one of the icons of modern physics published some of the most influential scientific papers of all times. With his work on relativity and quantum theory, Albert Einstein has altered the field of physics forever. It should not come as a surprise that looking back at Einstein's work, one needs to rethink the whole scope of physics, before and after his time. This books aims to provide a perspective on the history of modern physics, spanning from the late 19th century up to today. It is not an encyclopaedic work, but it presents the groundbreaking and sometimes provocative main contributions by Einstein as marking the line between 'old' and 'new' physics, and expand...
Hydraulicians in Europe 1800-2000
More than 850 individuals partly forgotten by name, but sometimes found in historical writings, together with many well known or recently deceased persons are presented in terms of bio-data, short career highlights, and main advances made to the profession with a short biography of the main writings. If available, a portrait is also included.
