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Synthesis of β-Lactam Antibiotics
Penicillins and cephalosporins have a long history in combating bacterial infections. Despite new infectious diseases and occurring resistance, beta-lactam antibiotics will for many years to come continue to play a prominent role in our therapeutic arsenal. This book covers the industrial development of the chemical and biochemical processes used to manufacture these products, as well as looking ahead to possible future processes. The interplay between synthetic organic chemistry with the understanding and application of enzymes, modeling of fermentation processes and integration through (bio-) chemical process engineering is illustrated. In-depth scientific approaches to biocatalysis and bi...
Genomics and Democracy
This book addresses the ethical and political questions flowing from the vastly increased possibilities to manipulate the genetic properties of organisms, including human beings. Due to the great complexity of the scientific fields involved, these questions are framed and answered mostly by scientific experts. But the new technological possibilities and social practices connected with genetic manipulation intrude into domains that for a long time have been the provenance of religious and secular worldviews and touch upon deep-seated convictions and emotions. Moreover they are strongly influenced by economic and political interests. As a consequence, questions of scientific truth and technica...
Renewables-Based Technology
Sustainability is a key driving force for industries in the chemical, food, packaging, agricultural and pharmaceutical sectors, and quantitative sustainability indicators are being incorporated into company reports. This is driving the uptake of renewable resources and the adoption of renewables. Renewables' can either be the substituted raw materials that are used in a given industry, (e.g. the use of biomass for fuel); the use and/or modification of a crop for use in a new industry (e.g. plant cellulose), or the reuse of a waste product (e.g. organic waste for energy production). This is the first book in the Wiley Renewable Resources series that brings together the range of sustainability assessment methods and their uses. Ensuing books in the series will look at individual renewable materials and applications.
Enzymes in Action Green Solutions for Chemical Problems
Enzymes in Action is a timely survey of a modern development in organic chemistry. It is clear that bioreagents demand that organic chemists think in a different way. If they do so, they will open up new avenues of exciting, new chemistry that will permit problems to be solved in an elegant way. The first section covers the concepts necessary to understand enzymes in molecular operations. The second section covers heteroatom enzyme chemistry, with considerable attention being given to the use of enzymes in the detoxification of chemical warfare agents and their application in environmental problems. The final section highlights the strategic use of enzymes in organic chemistry. It is clear that the term `green chemistry' is appropriate, since enzyme mediated processes occur under mild, environmentally benign conditions, and enzymes enable chemists to perform new chemical operations that would otherwise be difficult to achieve at all.
Trends in Drug Research III
The tradition of setting new trends in medicinal chemistry continued at the 13th Symposium where topics included chemical and biological diversity, new paradigms in drug action, and new insights in receptor mechanisms. Other topics of great interest discussed, and included in these proceedings, are the discoveries in green chemistry, the interface between organic synthesis and biosynthesis, the growing problem of resistant micro-organisms and the possibilities to identify new, and better, antibiotics. And finally, in recent developments, the discovery of small molecules with insulin sensitizing properties.
Modern Biotechnology
According to Greek mythology Pandora was sent down to earth upon the orders of Zeus. She was given a mysterious box which she was not allowed to open. However, Pandora was very curious and when she arrived on earth she couldn't help taking a peek inside the box. She saw that it was filled with gifts and calamities and to her astonishment they all escaped and spread throughout humanity, with all the dire consequences thereof. Only hope was left at the bottom. Figuratively speaking, Pandora's box today represents a source of much suffering. Is modern biotechnology just such a Pandora's box, as the anti-biotechnology lobby would have us believe? Or can we selectively release the gifts and turn this new Pandora's box into a Panacea? Modern biotechnology makes use of the recombinant DNA technology to genetically modify microorganisms, plants and animals in order to make them more suitable for all kinds of applications, such as cultivating food crops, baking bread, making wine, antibiotics and hormones, xenotransplantation, and gene- and stem cell therapy. The book also particularly addresses the controversial aspects of these applications.
The Application of Biotechnology to Industrial Sustainability
This volume brings together for the first time a broad collection of case studies on biotechnology applications in industrial processes and subjects them to detailed analysis in order to tease out essential lessons for industrial managers and for government policy makers.
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