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Medical Factors and Psychological Disorders
Throughout the last decade, the field of clinical psychology has expanded dramatically. Clinical psychologists are involved in the treatment and research of a wider range of problems and disorders than they have ever been before. Evidence has been rapidly ac cumulating regarding the role of psychological variables and stress in the etiology and maintenance of a range of medical and psychiatric disorders. New models of psy chotherapy have been developed and refined, and the specific efficacy of psychother apeutic interventions for an increasing number of disorders (or sUbtypes of disorders) has been documented. However, concurrent with research that demonstrates the impact of psychosomatic factors in various disorders and the efficacy of psychological or psychosocial interven tions, dramatic progress has been made with regard to the investigation of biological factors that may mediate certain disorders. That physical factors may underlie many in stances of psychiatric illness has been repeatedly demonstrated. Also, the efficacy of so matic treatments for different disorders, or for subtypes of disorders, has been reported with increasing methodological rigor.
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Expert Advice for Policy Choice
Economic reasoning has thus far dominated the field of public policy analysis. This new introduction to the field posits that policy analysis should have both a broader interdisciplinary base—including criteria from such fields as political science, sociology, law, and philosophy, as well as economics—and also a broader audience in order to foster democratic debate. To achieve these goals, MacRae and Whittington have organized their textbook around the construction of decision matrices using multiple criteria, exploring the uses of the decision matrix formulation more fully than other texts. They describe how to set up the matrix, fill in cells and combine criteria, and use it as an aid ...
Guaraná
In this sweeping chronicle of guarana—a glossy-leaved Amazonian vine packed with more caffeine than any other plant—Seth Garfield develops a wide-ranging approach to the history of Brazil itself. The story begins with guarana as the pre-Columbian cultivar of the Satere-Mawe people in the Lower Amazon region, where it figured centrally in the Indigenous nation's origin stories, dietary regimes, and communal ceremonies. During subsequent centuries of Portuguese colonialism and Brazilian rule, guarana was reformulated by settlers, scientists, folklorists, food technologists, and marketers. Whether in search of pleasure, profits, professional distinction, or patriotic markers, promoters impa...
The Child at Psychiatric Risk
This benchmark volume summarizes current knowledge of the factors that predispose children to the major psychiatric and neurobehavioral disorders of adulthood. "Highly recommended." --The New England Journal of Medicine
Policy Through Impact Assessment
Much of the literature devoted to impact assessment has focused on it as a technique or set of techniques, or on the environmental impact statement as a legal procedural requirement. While there are notable exceptions, the rich theoretical and empirical possibilities for research concerning significant innovations in the way governments operate has not been exhausted. The intention of this new edited collection is to stimulate research on the influence that impact assessment has had on policy making. Bartlett has organized the contributions around the principle that practical effectiveness in the real world of policy-making is determined by the way internal logic and institutionalization red...
Mental Disorder Among Prisoners
What do we know about the mental health of inmates? What are the implications of what we know? Nathaniel J. Pallone characterizes opinion on these questions as falling into two broad camps: the "tender-hearted," those who see an overlap between mental illness and criminal behavior, and are treatment-oriented; and the "tough-minded," those who have little confidence in psychiatric categories, do not really accept arguments about diminished responsibility, and who feel the emphasis should be on punishment. Which is closer to the truth? When this book was first published, the incidence of mental disorder among prisoners was nearly four times greater than among comparable groups in the general p...
Tinder-Box Criminal Aggression
The authors refine, amplify, and extend the conceptual model for understanding tinder-box criminal aggression they first introduced in Criminal Behavior. This work integrates relative contributions made by such intrapersonal characteristics as the need for serial stimulation, impairment in foresight and planfulness, and the acquisition of a taste for risk on the one hand, with such factors as child-rearing practices, vicarious conditioning, sub-cultures of violence, and the availability of mood-altering chemical substances on the other hand
