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Accounts of significant sites in Hungary, Vichy France, Italy, and other nations, part of the multi-volume reference praised as a “staggering achievement” (Jewish Daily Forward). This third volume in the monumental seven-volume encyclopedia, prepared by the Jack, Joseph, and Morton Mandel Center for Advanced Holocaust Studies at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, offers a comprehensive account of camps and ghettos in, or run by, Croatia, Hungary, Italy, Romania, Bulgaria, Slovakia, and Vichy France (including North Africa). Each entry discusses key events in the history of the ghetto; living and working conditions; activities of the Jewish Councils; Jewish responses to persecution; demographic changes; and details of the ghetto’s liquidation. Personal testimonies help convey the character of each ghetto, while source citations provide a guide to additional information. Documentation of hundreds of smaller sites—previously unknown or overlooked in the historiography of the Holocaust—make this an indispensable reference work on the destroyed Jewish communities of Eastern Europe.
An exploration of how Americans evaded neutrality by sponsoring 300,000 children of France's war dead between 1914 and 1921.
Quand est apparue la carte d’identité ? Quelles logiques ont présidé à sa création et à ses évolutions ? Quels furent depuis le xixe siècle les réactions, les débats et les multiples formes de résistance face aux entreprises d’encartement envisagées ou conduites par les pouvoirs publics ? Pierre Piazza, s’appuyant sur de nombreuses sources inédites, cerne, dans une perspective historique, les enjeux qui ont accompagné l’instauration de ce document aussi familier qu’essentiel et sa progressive généralisation en France. L’analyse accorde notamment une large place à la période 1940-1944 et révèle des aspects méconnus et troublants du régime de Vichy. Un regard inédit pour mieux comprendre nombre de problématiques au cœur des débats sur la citoyenneté, la sécurité. Pierre Piazza est docteur en science politique et chargé de recherche à l’Institut des hautes études de la sécurité intérieure.
The twelfth-century borderlands of the duchy of Normandy formed the cockpit for dynastic rivalries between the kings of England and France. This 2004 book examines how the political divisions between Normandy and its neighbours shaped the communities of the Norman frontier. It traces the region's history from the conquest of Normandy in 1106 by Henry I of England, to the duchy's annexation in 1204 by the king of France, Philip Augustus, and its incorporation into the Capetian kingdom. It explores the impact of the frontier upon princely and ecclesiastical power structures, customary laws, and noble strategies such as marriage, patronage and suretyship. Particular attention is paid to the lesser aristocracy as well as the better known magnates, and an extended appendix reconstructs the genealogies of thirty-three prominent frontier lineages. The book sheds light upon the twelfth-century French aristocracy, and makes a significant contribution to our understanding of medieval political frontiers.