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Argues that the Zentrumspartei, a party based on the Catholic vote, consistently defended the rights of Jews. Although many Zentrum politicians and voters expressed antisemitic prejudices, and although they accused the "Jewish press" of taking the anti-Catholic side in the Kulturkampf, they understood that denying constitutional rights and religious freedom to the Jewish minority could also endanger the rights of the Catholic minority. Traces support of the Jewish cause by Zentrum leaders and the Zentrum press on such questions as the Antisemite Petition of 1880-81, immigration and naturalization of Eastern European Jews, ritual slaughter, and Jews in the army. also traces the development in the Bayerische Volkspartei, which broke away from the Zentrum in 1918, from a tendency toward moderate antisemitism to advocacy for Jews. The Zentrum cooperated with the Verein zur Abwehr des Antisemitismus and the Centralverein; it put up Jewish candidates and many Jews voted for it (ca. 25-30% by the end of the Republic).