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Introduces the element of bromine and its compoinds, discussing its physical and chemical properties, where it is found, and how it is used.
What gives Tyrian purple dye its brilliant color--the element bromine (chemical symbol: Br). Bromine compounds were first extracted from a tropical sea snail in ancient times and used in purple dyes for fabrics. The color was sometimes called imperial or royal purple. This engaging narrative describes the discovery of bromine, its place on the periodic table, its similar and different characteristics with the other halogens in group 17, and its electron configuration. A thorough discussion of bromine ions, the process of steaming out in preparing pure bromine, and the various bromine compounds and their industrial uses are also included.
This volume addresses a broad spectrum of the environmental issues surrounding organic bromine and iodine compounds. It covers their partition among the environmental compartments and the potential for their long-range dissemination. The important issue of their atmospheric chemistry is discussed in detail in the context of ozone depletion and global warming, and the significant difference between the reactions of methyl bromide and methyl iodide are underscored. The mammalian toxicity is discussed and the mechanisms of the degradation and transformation of organic bromine and iodine compounds addressed. There has been considerable interest in naturally occurring metabolites in the current debate on the fate and partition of methyl bromide that is an important fungicide and is produced in substantial quantities as a metabolite of marine algae. The possible natural occurrence of diphenyl ethers that are used as flame retardants have also been raised. A discussion is given on plausible mechanisms for the biosynthesis of representative organic bromine and organic iodine metabolites. Reaction pathways are illustrated throughout and comprehensive references are given.
This volume addresses a broad spectrum of the environmental issues surrounding organic bromine and iodine compounds. It covers their partition among the environmental compartments and the potential for their long-range dissemination. The important issue of their atmospheric chemistry is discussed in detail in the context of ozone depletion and global warming, and the significant difference between the reactions of methyl bromide and methyl iodide are underscored. The mammalian toxicity is discussed and the mechanisms of the degradation and transformation of organic bromine and iodine compounds addressed. There has been considerable interest in naturally occurring metabolites in the current debate on the fate and partition of methyl bromide that is an important fungicide and is produced in substantial quantities as a metabolite of marine algae. The possible natural occurrence of diphenyl ethers that are used as flame retardants have also been raised. A discussion is given on plausible mechanisms for the biosynthesis of representative organic bromine and organic iodine metabolites. Reaction pathways are illustrated throughout and comprehensive references are given.
Analytical Chemistry of Organic Halogen Compounds presents the procedures applied in the analysis of organic halogen compounds. This book is composed of eight chapters that discuss the methods involved in the production and application of organic halogen compounds and in overcoming contamination problems caused by these compounds. After briefly dealing with the preparation, characteristics, and reactions of organic halogen compounds, this book goes on discussing the fundamental concepts of methods for the detection of halogens in organic compounds, namely, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and fluorine. The following chapter describes the characteristic features, advantages, and disadvantages of ul...
The Chemistry of Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine and Astatine is a special edition that contains selected sections and addresses the needs of specialists in their respective fields. The text describes the general atomic properties of non-metals, particularly the halogens, as being the perfect series to study, both in physical and chemical terms. The book explains that the combination of the atomic properties implies excellent electronegativity values for the halogen atoms. The text also cites some behavior characteristics of halogens that are irregular, such as chlorine and bromine are similar but differ from fluorine on one side and iodine on the other. The book also compares the general methods ...
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This comprehensive resource is published on an annual basis, and is considered the earliest Government publication to furnish estimates covering nonfuel mineral industry data for the United States and worldwide. Each chapter of this 2015 edition includes information on events, trends, and issues for each mineral commodity as well as discussions and tabular presentations, including data sheets on domestic industry structure, Government programs, tariffs, 5-year salient statistics, and world production and resources for more than 90 minerals and materials. The Mineral Commodity Summaries (MCS) is the earliest comprehensive source of 2014 mineral production data for the world. More than 90 individual minerals and materials are covered by two-page synopses. For mineral commodities for which there is a Government stockpile, detailed information concerning the stockpile status is also included in the two-page synopsis.