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There is a significant gap of knowledge about actual results of irrigation management transfer. This includes the questions: Which strategies work? Which don't? and What prerequisites are necesssary to support sustainable local management of irrigation? This report examines the context of transfer, the basic transfer strategy, powers and functions devolved, and the impacts of transfer on irrigation management and irrigated agriculture in three sample irrigation districts of Colombia-the RUT, Rio Recio, and Samaca. data on performance of these schemes were analyzed for 4 or 5 years before and after transfer. Two additional schemes, San Rafael and Maria La Baja, which were transferred just prior to this study, provided a comparison of performance between transferred and nontransferred schemes, form the period of analysis.
In this study, satellite remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) techniques were used to analyze the agricultural performance and sustainability of the Bhakra Irrigation System in India. The results demonstrate the synergy possible from applying satellite remote sensing and GIS to evaluate trends in rising water tables and salinity, which are two important threats to the sustainability of irrigation systems, and the cost-effectiveness of these techniques as diagnostic tools for irrigation system improvement.
Tests the hypothesis that timely surface cultivation before monsoon or winter rains in semiarid and arid areas will assist reclamation of abandoned saline soils. The effect of surface cultivation, monsoon rains, depth to water table, and ground water salinity on secondary salinity are evaluated using a numerical model, SWAP93.
Tests the hypothesis that, in general, irrigation management transfer has positive impacts on operation performance, managerial accountability, O&M budgeting and expenditures, costs of water to farmers, and agricultural and economic productivity in the Alto Rio Lerma Irrigation District in Mexico. Evaluates the potential of the Mexican IMT process as a model for other countries.
Explores the theoretical and actual responses of farmers faced with irrigation supplies that are limited in relation to available land and labor resources, and where the actual schedule and available volume for delivery are uncertain.
Describes and evaluates the application of IWMI's minimum set of performance indicators to the Alto Rio Lerma Irrigation District, and compares this with the application of a small set of process performance indicators.
This report is based on the results of an action research program in pakistan conducted by the International Water Managament Institute (IWMI). An analysis of empirical data is presented in the light of existing theoretical kmowledge on collective action for natural resources management. the report also highlights the current constraints associated with a wider application of some of these findings, which reflect the difficulties in pursuing large-scale institutional reforms in the rural sector of developing coutries. finally, the report raises some key research issues that need to be explored further.
Sirsa irrigation circle and its distribution objectives. Canal water distribution in the Sirsa irrigation circle. Material and methods. Crop growing conditions, Rabi 1995/96. Hydrologic analysis for 1977-90. Water balance classifications. Agricultural practices as a function of hydrologic conditions. The performance of irrigates agriculture at Sirsa. Annex 1 - Annual water and salt balances in the Sirsa irrigation circle. Annex 2 - Cluster analysis. Annex 3 - Estimating the water consumption of a wheat crop. Literature cited.
In every part of the world, looming or full-blown water crises threaten communities from the largest cities to the smallest rural towns. Over the past two decades, there has been increased attention at the global level to the devastating effects of water shortages and pollution, and policies and principles for implementing the sustainable management of water resources have proliferated. But scholars and activists are beginning to understand that top-down environmental policies are doomed to fail if they do not address local cultures and customary uses. As the contributors to Opposing Currents illustrate, that failure is most evident in the inability to recognize that women not only should be...