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Offers students a practical knowledge of modern techniques in scientific computing.
Many physical, chemical, biomedical, and technical processes can be described by partial differential equations or dynamical systems. In spite of increasing computational capacities, many problems are of such high complexity that they are solvable only with severe simplifications, and the design of efficient numerical schemes remains a central research challenge. This book presents a tutorial introduction to recent developments in mathematical methods for model reduction and approximation of complex systems. Model Reduction and Approximation: Theory and Algorithms contains three parts that cover (I) sampling-based methods, such as the reduced basis method and proper orthogonal decomposition,...
Compressed sensing is a relatively recent area of research that refers to the recovery of high-dimensional but low-complexity objects from a limited number of measurements. The topic has applications to signal/image processing and computer algorithms, and it draws from a variety of mathematical techniques such as graph theory, probability theory, linear algebra, and optimization. The author presents significant concepts never before discussed as well as new advances in the theory, providing an in-depth initiation to the field of compressed sensing. An Introduction to Compressed Sensing contains substantial material on graph theory and the design of binary measurement matrices, which is missi...
This book discusses the foundations of the mathematical theory of finite element methods. The focus is on two subjects: the concept of discrete stability, and the theory of conforming elements forming the exact sequence. Both coercive and noncoercive problems are discussed.. Following the historical path of development, the author covers the Ritz and Galerkin methods to Mikhlin’s theory, followed by the Lax–Milgram theorem and Cea’s lemma to the Babuska theorem and Brezzi’s theory. He finishes with an introduction to the discontinuous Petrov–Galerkin (DPG) method with optimal test functions. Based on the author’s personal lecture notes for a popular version of his graduate course...
This book provides an overview of global sensitivity analysis methods and algorithms, including their theoretical basis and mathematical properties. The authors use a practical point of view and real case studies as well as numerous examples, and applications of the different approaches are illustrated throughout using R code to explain their usage and usefulness in practice. Basics and Trends in Sensitivity Analysis: Theory and Practice in R covers a lot of material, including theoretical aspects of Sobol’ indices as well as sampling-based formulas, spectral methods, and metamodel-based approaches for estimation purposes; screening techniques devoted to identifying influential and noninfl...
Dynamical systems are a principal tool in the modeling, prediction, and control of a wide range of complex phenomena. As the need for improved accuracy leads to larger and more complex dynamical systems, direct simulation often becomes the only available strategy for accurate prediction or control, inevitably creating a considerable burden on computational resources. This is the main context where one considers model reduction, seeking to replace large systems of coupled differential and algebraic equations that constitute high fidelity system models with substantially fewer equations that are crafted to control the loss of fidelity that order reduction may induce in the system response. Int...
Measure theory and measure-theoretic probability are fascinating subjects. Proofs describing profound ways to reason lead to results that are frequently startling, beautiful, and useful. Measure theory and probability also play roles in the development of pure and applied mathematics, statistics, engineering, physics, and finance. Indeed, it is difficult to overstate their importance in the quantitative disciplines. This book traces an eclectic path through the fundamentals of the topic to make the material accessible to a broad range of students. A Ramble through Probability: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love Measure Theory brings together the key elements and applications in a unifie...
An important problem that arises in different disciplines of science and engineering is that of computing limits of sequences of vectors of very large dimension. Such sequences arise, for example, in the numerical solution of systems of linear and nonlinear equations by fixed-point iterative methods, and their limits are simply the required solutions to these systems. The convergence of these sequences, which is very slow in many cases, can be accelerated successfully by using suitable vector extrapolation methods. Vector Extrapolation Methods with Applications is the first book fully dedicated to the subject of vector extrapolation methods. It is a self-contained, up-to-date, and state-of-t...
This book provides an introduction to representative nonrelativistic quantum control problems and their theoretical analysis and solution via modern computational techniques. The quantum theory framework is based on the Schr?dinger picture, and the optimization theory, which focuses on functional spaces, is based on the Lagrange formalism. The computational techniques represent recent developments that have resulted from combining modern numerical techniques for quantum evolutionary equations with sophisticated optimization schemes. Both finite and infinite-dimensional models are discussed, including the three-level Lambda system arising in quantum optics, multispin systems in NMR, a charged particle in a well potential, Bose?Einstein condensates, multiparticle spin systems, and multiparticle models in the time-dependent density functional framework. This self-contained book covers the formulation, analysis, and numerical solution of quantum control problems and bridges scientific computing, optimal control and exact controllability, optimization with differential models, and the sciences and engineering that require quantum control methods. ??
Numerous applications, including computational optimization and fluid dynamics, give rise to block linear systems of equations said to have the quasi-definite structure. In practical situations, the size or density of those systems can preclude a factorization approach, leaving only iterative methods as the solution technique. Known iterative methods, however, are not specifically designed to take advantage of the quasi-definite structure.? This book discusses the connection between quasi-definite systems and linear least-squares problems, the most common and best understood problems in applied mathematics, and explains how quasi-definite systems can be solved using tailored iterative methods for linear least squares (with half as much work!). To encourage researchers and students to use the software, it is provided in MATLAB, Python, and Julia.? The authors provide a concise account of the most well-known methods for symmetric systems and least-squares problems, research-level advances in the solution of problems with specific illustrations in optimization and fluid dynamics, and a website that hosts software in three languages.?