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The free and open source software movement, from its origins in hacker culture, through the development of GNU and Linux, to its commercial use today. In the 1980s, there was a revolution with far-reaching consequences—a revolution to restore software freedom. In the early 1980s, after decades of making source code available with programs, most programmers ceased sharing code freely. A band of revolutionaries, self-described “hackers,” challenged this new norm by building operating systems with source code that could be freely shared. In For Fun and Profit, Christopher Tozzi offers an account of the free and open source software (FOSS) revolution, from its origins as an obscure, margin...
Before the French Revolution, tens of thousands of foreigners served in France’s army. They included troops from not only all parts of Europe but also places as far away as Madagascar, West Africa, and New York City. Beginning in 1789, the French revolutionaries, driven by a new political ideology that placed "the nation" at the center of sovereignty, began aggressively purging the army of men they did not consider French, even if those troops supported the new regime. Such efforts proved much more difficult than the revolutionaries anticipated, however, owing to both their need for soldiers as France waged war against much of the rest of Europe and the difficulty of defining nationality c...
Digital Marketing: Integrating Strategy, Sustainability, and Purpose, Second Edition, draws on the latest digital tactics and strategic insights to help students understand how to generate sustainable growth through digital integration. It provides a roadmap to adopt a digital mindset, incorporate digital trends strategically, and integrate the most effective tactics and tools with organizational core values to achieve competitive advantage. Retaining the popular integrated approach that introduces students to each concept as it becomes relevant to the digital marketing plan, this edition: Combines a strong theoretical foundation with practical insights and activities that give students a co...
Catholics, Colonies, and the Imperial State -- Imperial Security and Catholic Relief -- Colonial Catholics and Constitutional Change: Developments in Cape Breton Island and Nova Scotia -- Engaging with Imperial Traditions: Military Mobilization and Slavery -- Enabling Ambition through Education -- The Decline of Lay Authority: Ecclesiastical Reorganization and Imperial Power in Trinidad and Newfoundland.
In this book, Yılmaz Alışkan discusses the capitalist exploitation of digital media and examines how free time and creativity can be exploited in open source communities, with corporations often benefiting from community-generated knowledge. Focusing on open-source hardware communities, in which hackers give up a considerable amount of free time and creativity to create open technology, Alışkan investigates how free time becomes a “hyper-exploited” commodity from which capital is increasingly accumulated. Whereas paid workers are still often exploited, Alışkan posits that open-source workers are further “hyper-exploited” by technology companies as they receive no compensation for their labour. Ultimately, this book reveals how the time and activity of volunteers in open-source communities are ripe for capitalist exploitation that blurs the line between leisure and work time, often disguised by assertions that such labour is “fun” or in line with volunteers’ personal interests or values. Scholars of communication, digital media, sociology, and labour studies will find this book of particular interest.
The first study of French theater and war at a time of global revolutions, colonial violence, and radical social transformation.
Jewish Entanglements in the Atlantic World represents the first collective attempt to reframe the study of colonial and early American Jewry within the context of Atlantic History. From roughly 1500 to 1830, the Atlantic World was a tightly intertwined swathe of global powers that included Europe, Africa, North and South America, and the Caribbean. How, when, and where do Jews figure in this important chapter of history? This book explores these questions and many others. The essays of this volume foreground the connectivity between Jews and other population groups in the realms of empire, trade, and slavery, taking readers from the shores of Caribbean islands to various outposts of the Dutch, English, Spanish, and Portuguese empires. Jewish Entanglements in the Atlantic World revolutionizes the study of Jews in early American history, forging connections and breaking down artificial academic divisions so as to start writing the history of an Atlantic world influenced strongly by the culture, economy, politics, religion, society, and sexual relations of Jewish people.
Tracks the evolution of the international cellular industry from the late 1970s to the present. The development of the mobile-phone industry into what we know today required remarkable cooperation between companies, governments, and industrial sectors. Companies developing cellular infrastructure, cellular devices, cellular network services, and eventually software and mobile semiconductors had to cooperate, not simply compete, with each other. In this global history of the mobile-phone industry, Daniel D. Garcia-Swartz and Martin Campbell-Kelly examine its development in the United States, Europe, Japan, and several emerging economies, including China and India. They present the evolution o...
The British Royal Navy of the French Wars (1793–1815) is an enduring national symbol, but we often overlook the tens of thousands of foreign seamen who contributed to its operations. Foreign Jack Tars presents the first in-depth study of their employment in the Navy during this crucial period. Based on sources from across Britain, Europe, and the US, and blending quantitative, social, cultural, economic, and legal history, it challenges the very notions of 'Britishness' and 'foreignness'. The need for manpower during wartime meant that naval recruitment regularly bypassed cultural prejudice, and even legal status. Temporarily outstripped by practical considerations, these categories thus revealed their artificiality. The Navy was not simply an employer in the British maritime market, but a nodal point of global mobility. Exposing the inescapable transnational dimensions of a quintessentially national institution, the book highlights the instability of national boundaries, and the compromises and contradictions underlying the power of modern states.
How Taiwan rose to global prominence in high tech manufacturing, from computer maker to the world’s leading chip manufacturer. How did Taiwan, a former Japanese colony and the last fortress of the defeated Chinese Nationalists, ascend to such heights in high-tech manufacturing? In Island Tinkerers, Honghong Tinn tells the critical history of how hobbyists and enthusiasts in Taiwan, including engineers, technologists, technocrats, computer users, and engineers-turned-entrepreneurs, helped transform the country with their hands-on engagement with computers. Rather than engaging in wholesale imitation of US sources, she explains, these technologists tinkered with imported computing technology...