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Parallel Imports of Pharmaceuticals
Parallel trade occurs if international price differences for identical products are high and a policy of regional or international exhaustion of the respective property right has been implemented in the high price country. The work by C. Poget analyses how parallel imports of pharmaceuticals are affecting end consumer prices and drug expenditures in three Scandinavian countries, Sweden, Denmark and Norway. Based on his observations he derives proposals for policy reforms in EU member countries and Switzerland.
Parallelimporte von Arzneimitteln
Seit Jahren wird in der Schweiz über eine Zulassung von Parallelimporten von Arzneimitteln diskutiert. Während sich Befürworter von Parallelimporten hohe Einsparungen für das Gesundheitswesen versprechen, befürchten die Gegner, dass die Einsparungen für den Patienten gering, die Auswirkungen auf den Forschungsstandort Schweiz aber gravierend wären. C. Poget untersucht, wie sich Parallelimporte von Arzneimitteln in Skandinavien auf Arzneimittelpreise und -ausgaben auswirken, und ob die Rahmenbedingungen in der Schweiz einem wirksamen Wettbewerb unter Parallelimporteuren zuträglich sind.
Trade, Investment, Innovation and their Impact on Access to Medicines
The last two decades have seen great economic change in Asia and this has impacted upon the vexed question of access to affordable healthcare and medicines in many Asian states. In this book Locknie Hsu examines the issue of access to medicines in Asia from a fresh perspective which embraces trade and investment law, innovation, intellectual property law, competition policy and public health issues. Hsu explores the key evolving legal issues in these areas, including ASEAN integration, free trade agreement negotiations (such as those for the TPP), bilateral investment agreements and significant court decisions. The book goes on to present proposals for steps to be taken in addressing access to medicines in Asia and will be useful to academic researchers, regulators, law-makers and global organizations involved in the issues surrounding access to affordable healthcare and medicines.
Architecture in the Anthropocene
"Research regarding the significance and consequence of anthropogenic transformations of the earth's land, oceans, biosphere and climate have demonstrated that, from a wide variety of perspectives, it is very likely that humans have initiated a new geological epoch, their own. First labeled the Anthropocene by the chemist Paul Crutzen, the consideration of the merits of the Anthropocene thesis by the International Commission on Stratigraphy and the International Union of Geological Sciences has also garnered the attention of philosophers, historians, and legal scholars, as well as an increasing number of researchers from a range of scientific backgrounds. Architecture in the Anthropocene: En...
Marketing at the Confluence between Entertainment and Analytics
This volume presents the full proceedings of the 2016 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) World Marketing Congress held in Paris, France. It contains current research in marketing from academics, scholars, and practitioners from around the world. Focusing on advancing marketing theory and practice, this volume will help marketers to move forward in providing value for companies, consumers, and society. Founded in 1971, the Academy of Marketing Science is an international organization dedicated to promoting timely explorations of phenomena related to the science of marketing in theory, research, and practice. Among its services to members and the community at large, the Academy offers conferen...
Earth Stewardship
This book advances Earth Stewardship toward a planetary scale, presenting a range of ecological worldviews, practices, and institutions in different parts of the world and to use them as the basis for considering what we could learn from one another, and what we could do together. Today, inter-hemispheric, intercultural, and transdisciplinary collaborations for Earth Stewardship are an imperative. Chapters document pathways that are being forged by socio-ecological research networks, religious alliances, policy actions, environmental citizenship and participation, and new forms of conservation, based on both traditional and contemporary ecological knowledge and values. “The Earth Stewardship Initiative of the Ecological Society of America fosters practices to provide a stable basis for civilization in the future. Biocultural ethic emphasizes that we are co-inhabitants in the natural world; no matter how complex our inventions may become” (Peter Raven).
Gériatrie
La collection « Elsevier Pour le praticien » propose aux médecins généralistes et spécialistes de la discipline une aide à la démarche diagnostique et thérapeutique, à la lumière des connaissances actuelles. En France comme dans l'Union européenne, une personne sur cinq est âgée de plus de 65 ans. Polypathologies, maladies chroniques, syndromes gériatriques, impacts des facteurs sociaux tels que la précarité ou l'isolement, les personnes âgées, qu'elles vivent au domicile ou en institution, requièrent une attention spécifique et un suivi médical régulier. Cette 4e édition, entièrement actualisée par des experts et coordonnée par les Pr Belmin et Chassagne, et par l...
Meteoroids and Orbital Debris
Descriptions are presented of orbital debris source, distribution, size, lifetime, and mitigation measures.
Navy Directory
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