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Adaptation of Plants to Waterlogging and Hypoxia
Plants, like other living organisms, require oxygen and water supplies for sustaining their normal growth and development. The water requirement is generally met through a coordinated system of root-to-shoot communication. However, excessive soil moisture in the rhizosphere can impact normal functioning of plants by restricting oxygen supplies to the roots. To survive under hypoxic conditions, plants show cellular, molecular, and functional level adaptations. One temporary response could be switching to anaerobic respiration, and maintain energy production to some extent, via glycolysis and ethanol fermentation. However, root respiration, water, and nutrient uptake, and hormonal synthesis are severely impacted under sustained periods of oxygen deficiency. These belowground changes, in turn, affect shoot performance and yield formation by interfering with the key physiological processes.
Harvesting Plant and Microbial Biodiversity for Sustainably Enhanced Food Security
The World population will reach 9 billion by 2050, with the majority of this growth occurring in developing countries. On the other hand, one in nine of the World's population suffers from chronic hunger, the vast majority of which live in developing countries. We therefore need to find new and sustainable solutions to feed this increasing population and alleviate the predicted negative impact of global changes on crop production. This e-Book deals with new strategies to improve food security and livelihoods in rural communities, reduce vulnerability, increase resilience and mitigate lthe impact of climate change and land degradation on agriculture. This collection of 18 articles addresses the major abiotic factors limiting crop production worldwide, how to characterize and exploit the available plant biodiversity to increase production and sustainability in agrosystems, and the use of beneficial microbes to improve production and reduce the use of fertilizers and pesticides.
Cotton Breeding and Biotechnology
Cotton Breeding and Biotechnology presents information on one of the most economically important crops of the world, cotton. This book contains chapters on the history of cotton; breeding approaches; technologies for increasing germination, crop growth and yield; and fiber quality issues. It emphasizes sustainable development in the cotton industry analysing the progress of breeding technologies under environmental adversity. The book explores the national and global status of cotton crop, including cotton production, possible impacts of climate change, and the vulnerability of cotton to pest infestations and disease attacks. Features Focuses on cotton breeding and biotechnology Proposes ideas, data, and strategies to mount breeding programs for enhancing cotton production Details strategies for cotton quality improvement against abiotic and biotic stresses Emphasizes the revival of cotton in Pakistan and South Asian region This book is useful to researchers, cotton breeders and growers, farmers, and the agriculture industry.
Sustainable Solutions for Food Security
This volume is the first centralized source of technological and policy solutions for sustainable agriculture and food systems resilience in the face of climate change. The editors have compiled a comprehensive collection of the latest tested, replicable green technologies and approaches for food security, including smart crops and new agricultural paradigms, sustainable natural resources management, and strategies for risk assessment and governance. Studies from resource-constrained countries with vulnerable populations are emphasized, with contributions on multisector partnership from development professionals. Debates concerning access to climate-smart technologies, intellectual property rights, and international negotiations on technology transfer are also included. The editors are, respectively, a public health physician, a development professional and an environmental scientist. They bring their varied perspectives together to curate a holistic volume that will be useful for policy makers, scientists, community-based organizations, international organizations and researchers across the world.
Risk-Taking in International Politics
Discusses the way leaders deal with risk in making foreign policy decisions
Contested Architectural Pasts and Futures of a Regional City, Geelong, Australia
This collection of essays highlights current debates for cities undergoing urban renewal, focussing on regional cities as places that lead change. Like many regional cities, Geelong is grappling with the legacy of its industrial architectural heritage and identity. This in-depth study of the city of Geelong examines theories and realities - from the speculative to the mundane – critical to change pre-empted by deindustrialisation. While this book argues that architecture and the built environment are key to urban renewal, an intersectional perspective on Geelong as a place raises contested pasts and territories. This brings attention to the dispossession of First Nations people by British colonisers, as well as the exploitation of immigrant communities in industrial production. Informed by positions on design futures, decolonising and cultural urbanisms, adaptive re-use and the post-industrial city, the chapters in this book expand an interdisciplinary field relevant to scholars and practitioners in heritage and conservation, urban design, community engagement and place-making more generally.
Institutions and Social Mobilization
"This book marks a major contribution since the work of Tan Liok Eee (1997) on the Dongjiaozong movement in Malaysia. The author’s familiarity with both popular and academic writings in Mandarin has yielded rare, first-hand, and often bottom-up views on the Dongjiaozong movement from actors directly involved in the movement. As a result, readers get a better understanding of the personalities, leadership dynamics, creative strategies of control and resistance within this social movement as well as its ability to exploit political vulnerabilities and interpersonal relationships to cajole, negotiate and arm-twist the state in its bid to defend Chinese education in Malaysia. This book will be...
HOK
Since its founding in 1955, HOK has never been afraid to evolve. Its often subtle but always steady reinventions have created what today is an incredibly diverse practice. The firm's ability to connect designers across building types, design disciplines and regions of the world is unparalleled.Today, a huge variety of project types in every corner of the globe - from designing a corporate boardroom or suburban high school to planning an entire university or new city - are emerging from the intersection of many HOK minds and imaginations. HOK's global community of design thinkers has been galvanised by the increasingly urgent need to create a sustainable planet while satisfying an enormous spectrum of human activities.The projects in this book appear in architecture, interiors and planning categories. These inspiring built environments transcend their initial purposes to express timeless cultural, organisational and personal values. Also available in the Master Architect Series: ISBN 9781864702743 Mitchell Giurgola Architects ISBN 9781864702736 Gund Partnership ISBN 9781864703047 Wong & Ouyang
