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Oronasal Versus Nasal Masks for Non-invasive Ventilation in COPD: a Randomized Crossover Trial
Abstract: Purpose: The impact of oronasal and nasal masks on the quality of nocturnal non-invasive ventilation (NIV) needs to be clarified. This trial was designed to compare the impact of oronasal and nasal masks on the objective quality and subjective acceptance of nocturnal NIV in COPD-patients. Patients and Methods: In a randomized crossover trial, 30 COPD-patients with well-established high-intensity NIV (mean inspiratory/expiratory positive airway pressure 26± 3/5± 1 cmH2O, mean respiratory back-up rate 17± 1/min) were ventilated for two consecutive nights on oronasal and nasal masks, respectively. Results: Full polysomnography, nocturnal blood gas measurements, and subjective asses...
Nutzen des kapillären PO2 in der Diagnostik von hypoxämischen COPD-Patienten
Abstract: Purpose: To compare arterial (PaO2) with capillary (PcO2) partial pressure of oxygen in hypoxemic COPD patients because capillary blood gas analysis (CBG) is increasingly being used as an alternative to arterial blood gas analysis (ABG) in a non-intensive care unit setting, although the agreement between PcO2 and PaO2 has not been evaluated in hypoxemic COPD patients. Patients and methods: Bland-Altman comparison of PaO2 and PcO2 served as the primary outcome parameter if PcO2 values were #60 mmHg and the secondary outcome parameter if PcO2 values were #55 mmHg. Pain associated with the measurements was assessed using a 100-mm visual analog scale. Results: One hundred and two PaO2/...
Towns, Ecology, and the Land
A pioneering book highlighting the dynamic environmental dimensions of towns and villages and spatial connections with surrounding land.
Global Climate Change Impacts in the United States
Summarizes the science of climate change and impacts on the United States, for the public and policymakers.
Treating and Preventing Adolescent Mental Health Disorders
This volume reviews the latest information about the treatment and prevention of major mental disorders that emerge during adolescence. It should be a primary resource for both clinicians and researchers, with special attention to gaps in our knowledge.
Special Air Warfare and the Secret War in Laos
The story of special air warfare and the Air Commandos who served for the ambassadors in Laos from 1964 to 1975 is captured through extensive research and veteran interviews. The author has meticulously put together a comprehensive overview of the involvement of USAF Air Commandos who served in Laos as trainers, advisors, and clandestine combat forces to prevent the communist takeover of the Royal Lao Government. This book includes pictures of those operations, unveils what had been a US government secret war, and adds a substantial contribution to understanding the wider war in Southeast Asia.
Tourism and Global Environmental Change
This fascinating book is the first comprehensive analysis of the economic, social and political interrelationships between tourism and global environmental change: one of the most significant issues facing humankind today. Its contributors argue that the impacts of these changes are potentially extremely serious both for the tourism industry, and for the communities dependent upon it. Integrating knowledge from the social and physical sciences, this significant book explores they key issues surrounding global environmental change, as well as government and industry willingness to meet the challenges posed by it. Divided into four main sections, it investigates: the tourism and global environmental change relationship in specific environments global issues related to environmental change differing perceptions of global environmental change held by tourists and the tourist industry. Comprehensive in scope, topical and integrative, this key text is essential reading for students, scholars and researchers in all aspects of tourism, geography and environmental studies.
The Cambridge Handbook of Violent Behavior and Aggression
From a team of leading experts comes a comprehensive, multidisciplinary examination of the most current research including the complex issue of violence and violent behavior. The handbook examines a range of theoretical, policy, and research issues and provides a comprehensive overview of aggressive and violent behavior. The breadth of coverage is impressive, ranging from research on biological factors related to violence and behavior-genetics to research on terrrorism and the impact of violence in different cultures. The authors examine violence from international cross-cultural perspectives, with chapters that examine both quantitative and qualitative research. They also look at violence at multiple levels: individual, family, neighborhood, cultural, and across multiple perspectives and systems, including treatment, justice, education, and public health.
