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The prospective study was performed to compare the surgical incision response between a caudal block and a penile block for circumcision. It was concluded that the incision response was less with a caudal epidural and that the children in the study required fewer analgesics in the post-operative period, when compared with a penile block.
The gastric pH and volume of gastric fluid are affected during pregnancy and surgery. It is suggested that mode of surgery (emergency caesarean versus elective caesarean section) also affects the gastric pH and gastric fluid volume. This study was conducted to compare elective versus emergency caesarean section in terms of gastric pH and gastric fluid volume. 1. Abstract 2. Introduction 3. Review of Literature 4. Objectives 5. Material and Methods 6. Results 7. Discussion 8. Conclusion 9. References 10. Annexure (Performa) List of Tables List of Abbreviations List of Figures
This book is an accessible, comprehensive, and nuanced history of Pakistan. It reflects upon state and society in Pakistan and shows they have been shaped by historical forces and personae. Hoodbhoy expertly maps the journey of the region from many millennia ago to the circumstances and impulses that gave birth to the very first state in history founded upon religious identity. He documents colonial rule, the trauma of Partition, the nation’s wars with India, the formation of Bangladesh, and the emergence of Baloch nationalism. The book also examines longstanding complex themes and issues – such as religious fundamentalism, identity formation, democracy, and military rule – as well as their impact on the future of the state of Pakistan. Drawing on a range of sources and written by one of the foremost intellectuals of the region, this book will be indispensable for scholars, researchers, students of history, politics, and South Asian studies. It will be of great interest to the general reader interested in understanding Pakistan.
This book analyzes the emergence, rise, and decline of insurgency by the Pakistani Taliban in Pakistan’s North-Western region, also known as Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA). It provides a detailed account of the rise and decline of the FATA insurgency and also examines aftereffects of the insurgency. Offering an in-depth analysis of how insurgency in the FATA began in 2004 after Pakistan entered its military forces into the tribal areas, the author illustrates that the insurgency erupted when state repression on masses is combined with a disruption of the previous modus vivendi centered on co-optation of local elites. In the following years, the insurgency became so powerful tha...
For over forty years in more than sixty countries, Raymond Baker has witnessed the free-market system operating illicitly and corruptly, with devastating consequences. In Capitalism’s Achilles Heel, Baker takes readers on a fascinating journey through the global free-market system and reveals how dirty money, poverty, and inequality are inextricably intertwined. Readers will discover how small illicit transactions lead to massive illegalities and how staggering global income disparities are worsened by the illegalities that permeate international capitalism. Drawing on his experiences, Baker shows how Western banks and businesses use secret transactions and ignore laws while handling some $1 trillion in illicit proceeds each year. He also illustrates how businesspeople, criminals, and kleptocrats perfect the same techniques to shift funds and how these tactics negatively affect individuals, institutions, and countries.
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A unique survey of each country in the region. It includes an extensive collection of facts, statistics, analysis and directory information in one accessible volume.