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Defining the Spatial Scale in Modern Regional Analysis
This book explores different approaches to defining the concept of region depending on the specific question that needs to be answered. While the typical administrative spatial data division fits certain research questions well, in many cases, defining regions in a different way is fundamental in order to obtain significant empirical evidence. The book is divided into three parts: The first part is dedicated to a methodological discussion of the concept of region and the different potential approaches from different perspectives. The problem of having sufficient information to define different regional units is always present. This justifies the second part of the book, which focuses on the techniques of ecological inference applied to estimating disaggregated data from observable aggregates. Finally, the book closes by presenting several applications that are in line with the functional areas definition in regional analysis.
Understanding the Resource Curse (or Blessing) Across National and Regional Scales
The relationship between resource extraction activity and economic growth has been widely studied in the literature, and the resource curse hypotheses emerged as a theory to explain the effects of resource windfalls on national economies. However, within countries, resource booms and busts can have distinctive effects across local economies, as extractive regions face particular economic consequences unlikely to be observed in nonresource regions. Empirically, most studies analysing the resource curse have relied on cross-country models to estimate effects and inform policy; however, the use of regional - within-country - analysis has gained attention from scholars lately, promoted by two ad...
Political Economy of Housing in Chile
Through the lens of political economy, this book positions housing as a key factor in understanding social inequality. It does so by drawing on rich empirical evidence from the case of the Chilean housing market. This book provides insights on the articulation between real estate development, housing provision and social inequality based on applied urban economics analyses that illustrate the contradictions of neoliberal urbanism through the case of Chile. For neoliberal urbanism, the good city is not equal for all, it is based on the principle of profitability and benefits from segregation to make capital investment more efficient. The chapters of this book expose how these processes are generated by a political system that allows them rather than by the invisible hand of the market. The book will be of interest to graduate students in urban studies, urban planning, sociology and urban geography. It will also appeal to decision-makers and also to actors in the real estate market seeking to perfect the social benefits of their professional activities, aspiring to generate more egalitarian and just cities.
Cities, Wages, and the Urban Hierarchy
In this paper, we estimate the size of the wage premium necessary to compensate for remoteness incurred by workers compared to the city size productivity effects. We construct five urban hierarchy tiers for cities in Chile based on their level of remoteness from the urban system. We then contrast the effect generated by these variables on worker wages. We report a positive gradient of wages the higher the size of the urban tier and a loss in wages that can reach 35 percent for more remote cities.
Optimum Fiscal Equalization and Welfare in Chile
We optimize the horizontal fiscal equalization and compute the welfare gain for Chile. We find that national welfare would increase between 3%-12% if the property tax base were broadened. An optimal design would also reduce the inequality in municipal population distribution by 7% and productivity by 6%. Our results provide insights into how to promote spatial equity without negatively impacting aggregate welfare or productivity.
Mapping South-South Connections
This book explores contemporary cultural, historical and geopolitical connections between Latin America and Australia from an interdisciplinary perspective. It seeks to capitalise on scholarly developments and further unsettle the multiple divides created by the North-South axis by focusing on processes of translocal connectivities that link Australia with Latin America. The authors conceptualise the South-South not as a defined geographic space with clear boundaries, but rather as a mobile terrain with multiple, evolving and overlapping translocal processes.
Handbook of Latin American Studies Vol. 75
The 2021 volume of the benchmark bibliography of Latin American Studies.
Impact of Subway Expansion on Private Transportation
Subway expansions are increasingly utilized as public policy to mitigate traffic congestion in large cities. This study evaluates the impact of a subway expansion on surface transportation travel times in Santiago, Chile. Using an interrupted time series regression model with Uber Movement data on daily travel times, we find that a new subway line reduces car travel times by approximately 3.4%. Areas most benefiting are located at the ends of the new subway line. Utilizing spatial econometrics for origin-destination flows, we discover that the local average treatment effect exhibits spatial dependence, suggesting interventions in specific municipalities could impact the entire city, in line with the network nature of origin-destination flows. These positive externalities endorse subway expansion as a viable approach to tackling traffic congestion. Future transportation policy evaluations should consider such externalities and spatial interactions to accurately estimate the associated benefits.
