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Chemicals in the Environment
Rising concern in recent years over the possible adverse environmental consequences of the use of chemicals has led to a steady increase in national activity towards greater regulation, as well as voluntary agreements with manufacturers for risk management of certain products. This book begins by reviewing the current framework of legislation for the regulation of chemicals in the UK and then reports expert views on both the current situation and possible future developments. Subsequent chapters consider some of the scientific and technical issues, including the evaluation of the risks which chemicals can pose to human life and the environment, and the problems relating to evaluating the ris...
Research in Science Education in Europe
This volume gives an account of the most recent results of research in science education in Europe, based on a selection of papers presented at the First Conference of the European Science Education Research Association held in Rome at the end of 1997. It is an overview of the trends in the different disciplines, such as biology, chemistry, earth science, and physics, as well as in more general subjects, such as science and society, teachers' training, teaching and learning. Compared to the real situation it is a `balanced' picture, adjusted to include similar contributions from all European countries and different fields of research in science education. Consequently, it offers a comparative view of the research activity in countries with different traditions. In these times when all countries have to face problems arising from some inadequacies of their own education systems in relation to the changes that are occurring both at social and technological levels, this book represents a rich and diverse source which can be a starting point of action and reflection for the main actors in the educational system: researchers, policy-makers and teachers.
European Women in Chemistry
"I have no dress except the one I wear every day. If you are going to be kind enough to give me one, please let it be practical and dark so that I can put it on afterwards to go to the laboratory", said Marie Curie about her wedding dress. According to her lecture notes, Gertrude B. Elion is quoted a few decades later: "Don't be afraid of hard work. Don't let others discourage you, or tell you that you can't do it. In my day I was told women didn't go into chemistry. I saw no reason why we couldn't." These two quotations from famous, Nobel Prize winning chemists amply demonstrate the challenges that female scientists in the past centuries have had to overcome; challenges that are still somet...
Pharmaceuticals in the Environment
An important reference for researchers in the pharmaceutical industry, environmentalists and policy makers wanting to better understand the impacts of pharmaceuticals on the environment.
Regulation for Chemical Safety in Europe: Analysis, Comment and Criticism
Many European Union Directives seek to minimize the potential for harm to humans and the environment arising from the use of chemicals. This book takes an interdisciplinary, selective look at the effector mechanisms employed in such directives. It covers the pre-marketing use of toxicology to identify the hazardous properties of chemicals, acknowledging its shortcomings, while contrasting the scientific method with the precautionary principle in developing risk-management practices. The book then goes on to describe the use of bio-indicators, chemical analyses and mathematical modelling for prediction, or to determine the adequacy of chemical safety legislation. The environmental risk assessment of priority chemicals is described and the impact of pesticides on sustainability in agriculture is discussed from the differing standpoints of agronomy and economics. Audience: All professionals concerned with the safe management of chemicals and their use, including teachers, practitioners, policy makers or legislators.
Chemical Alternatives Assessments
Investigating how the hazardous chemical alternatives are selected, this book is essential reading for industrialists as well as academics, postgraduate students and policy makers.
Chemicals Control in the European Community
This book provides a unique opportunity for dialogue on what is an emotive issue, assisting non-governmental organizations in assessing and mobilizing public opinion.
Ecotoxicology and Chemistry Applications in Environmental Management
Ecotoxicology and Chemistry Applications in Environmental Management describes how to set up an integrated, holistic approach to addressing ecotoxicological problems. It provides detailed explanations in answer to questions like "Why is it necessary to apply an integrated approach?" and "How does one apply an integrated environmental management approach?" Highlighted topics of the book include Environmental chemical calculations QSAR estimation methods Toxic substance interference with other environmental problems Using diagnostic ecological subdisciplines for solutions Cleaner production methods and technologies Environmental risk assessment Addressing one of the most difficult tasks today, this book provides a much-needed holistic view for translating scientific knowledge and research results into effective environmental management measures. Rooted in a seven-step method, it integrates examination and quantification of an environmental problem and describes the use of ecological diagnostic tools to develop a diagnosis for ecosystem health. It also presents methods for choosing and using solutions or combinations of solutions to tackle problems.
