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Environmental Toxicology
This sixth volume in this established series deals with the biochemical responses of fish to different environmental/ecological factors. Environmental Toxicology captures vital issues affecting the responses of fish to the chemical surroundings of their environment. Chapters included in this volume identify the systems found in fish to deal with xenobiotics, hormonal interactions initiated in the presence of these chemicals, the unique mechanisms used by fish to adjust to the present chemicals, and the new and evolving mixtures of chemicals in their environment. Also included, is a crucial review of the new methods being applied in fish systems to understand the effects of xenobiotics to fish fitness - a key theme in environmental health and critical to the future of fish populations.* Entirely new topic discussion and most recent volume in the acclaimed series* Includes chapters detailed on a cellular level * Introduces discussion of pharmaceutical effects on fish
Applied Toxicology: Approaches Through Basic Science
Ultraviolet radiation, a component of sunlight, has been recognized by photobiologists, dermatologists, and oculists as a potential hazard for human health because of its genotoxic, carcinogenic and immunotoxic properties. Its effects on human health include the induction of skin cancers, ocular damage and impairment of immunity to certain infections. A few decennia ago it was demonstrated that UV photons can affect the activity of the immune system through interactions with the skin. This means that UV not only changes normal cells into cancer cells but also permits the outgrowth of the UV -transformed cells by depressing the immune system. An intriguing question is what interactions betwee...
Pesticide Risk Assessment in Rice Paddies: Theory and Practice
Rice is cultivated throughout the world under submerged conditions. The high water requirements and the heavy pesticide load used in rice paddies worldwide have resulted in contamination of associated surface water, such as streams, ditches, rivers and lakes. The uniform risk assessment approach which has been developed for other crops is not applicable to rice paddies, because of the specific conditions applied to rice cultivation. Pesticide Risk Assessment in Rice Paddies: Theory and Practice fills the gap in information on this subject. Written by experts, this book summarizes the methods used for pesticide risk assessment in rice paddies, the limitations and problems encountered and futu...
Toxicological Effects of Veterinary Medicinal Products in Humans
Toxicological Effects of Veterinary Medicinal Products in Humans is the first definitive guide to discuss the adverse effects of veterinary medicinal products in humans. The chapters focus on occupational safety and consumer issues and examine the circumstances under which exposure is likely to occur. To be in context, it reviews this against the background of adverse health effects from other sources in the veterinary and farming professions. The book examines adverse drug effects reported to regulatory agencies (mainly the FDAÆs Center for Veterinary Medicine) and then considers a series of individual drugs, including antibiotics, anaesthetics and organophosphorus compounds. The chapters ...
Progress in Standardization of Aquatic Toxicity Tests
Progress in Standardization of Aquatic Toxicity Tests provides a critical evaluation of the level of standardization achieved by freshwater and marine ecotoxicity tests used to evaluate potential risk of new chemicals and wastewater effluents. Tests at the sub-cellular, individual, laboratory microcosm, and ecosystem levels are presented and critically evaluated. The influence of environmental and genetic heterogeneity on test standardization is also discussed. The book will be an excellent reference for industry professionals, consultants, regulatory officials, and students working in the ecotoxicology field.
Soil Contamination Research Trends
Soil contamination is the presence of man-made chemicals or other alteration in the natural soil environment. This type of contamination typically arises from the rupture of underground storage tanks, application of pesticides, percolation of contaminated surface water to subsurface strata, leaching of wastes from landfills or direct discharge of industrial wastes to the soil. The most common chemicals involved are petroleum hydrocarbons, solvents, pesticides, lead and other heavy metals. This occurrence of this phenomenon is correlated with the degree of industrialisation and intensity of chemical usage. The concern over soil contamination stems primarily from health risks, both of direct contact and from secondary contamination of water supplies. Mapping of contaminated soil sites and the resulting cleanup are time consuming and expensive tasks, requiring extensive amounts of geology, hydrology, chemistry and computer modelling skills. This book presents the latest research from around the world in this field.
Energy in Agroecosystems
Energy in Agroecosystems: A Tool for Assessing Sustainability is the first book on energy analysis that is up-to-date and specifically dedicated to agriculture. It is written from an agroecological perspective and goes beyond the conventional analysis of the efficient use of energy. The book provide a methodological guide to assess energy efficiency and sustainability from an eco-energetic point of view. Case studies from both Europe and America, which are representative of today’s most used scales of analysis (crop, farm, local or national) and the different farm management practices (traditional, industrialized, and contemporary organic), apply this methodology This book will be of primary interest to researchers, practitioners, and students working in the areas of agroecology, sustainable agriculture, environmental science, energy analysis, natural resources management, rural development and international development.
Bird and Reptile Species in Environmental Risk Assessment Strategies
With the expansion of human settlements and the environmental changes brought on by human activity and pollutants, toxicology and risk assessment of bird and reptile species is becoming increasingly of interest to toxicologists involved in environmental research. This book focuses specifically on environmental risk assessment in non-conventional bird and reptile species. Bird and Reptile Species in Environmental Risk Assessment Strategies will be an ideal companion to toxicologists and ecologists interested in risk assessment in the environments of birds and reptiles, particularly those with an interest in the impact introduced by human activity. The book will also be of interest to those working in conservation biology, biological invasion, biocontrol and habitat management.
The role of human biomonitoring in assessing and managing chemical risks in the Nordic countries
Available online: https://pub.norden.org/temanord2021-528/ The health of European citizens is an EC priority. In this context, the science-policy interface of the EU project HBM4EU -is particularly important, ensuring up-to-date and coordinated science-based information for policy makers. HBM in research in all Nordic countries has substantially benefited from HBM4EU participation – time trends, aligned studies, mechanistic studies, and method development/improvement are examples of HBM4EU activities in Nordic countries. And also vice versa, as- high quality, structured, reliable, well planned and effectively conducted HBM studies in Nordic countries have contributed significantly to HBM4EU.The chromate study conducted in HBM4EU can be considered exemplary, in terms of providing a science-based answer to a policy question.
