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AIR CRASH INVESTIGATIONS: LOST...The Crash of American Airlines Flight 965
On December 20, 1995, American Airlines Flight 965, a Boeing 757-223, was on a scheduled passenger flight from Miami, Florida, U.S.A., to Cali, Colombia. Close to its final destination the pilots erroneously cleared the approach waypoints from their navigation computer. When the controller asked the pilots to check back in over Tulua, north of Cali, it was no longer programmed into the computer. They were lost and the aircraft crashed into a mountain. Of the 163 people on board, 4 passengers survived miraculously the accident.
AIR CRASH INVESTIGATIONS, MISJUDGMENT IN THE VIRGIN ISLANDS The Crash of American Airlines Flight 625
On April 27, 1976, American Airlines, Flight 625, a Boeing 727-95, operated as a scheduled passenger flight from Providence, Rhode Island, to Harry S Truman Airport, Charlotte Amalie, St. Thomas, Virgin Islands, with a stop at John F. Kennedy -International Airport, New York. The flight departed JFK at 1200 with 88 persons, including 7 crewmembers, aboard. At about 1510, during landing at the Harry S Truman Airport, Charlotte Amalie, St. Thomas, Virgin Islands, flight 625 overran the departure end of runway 9, struck the ILS antenna, crashed through a fence, and came to rest against a building located 1,040 feet beyond the end of the runway. The aircraft was destroyed, 35 passengers and 2 flight attendants were killed. The National Transportation Safety Board determines that the probable cause of the accident was the captain's actions and his misjudgment in initiating a go-around maneuver with insufficient runway remaining after a long touchdown.
AIR CRASH INVESTIGATIONS GHOSTS? The Crash of Eastern Air Lines Flight 401
On December 29, 1972 an Eastern Air Lines' Lockheed L-1011, as Flight 401 on its way from John F. Kennedy International Airport, New York, to Miami International Airport, Miami, Florida, crashed at 2342 eastern standard time in the Everglades, approximately 18 miles west northwest of Miami International Airport. The aircraft was destroyed. There were 163 passengers and a crew of 13 aboard the aircraft, 99 people died in the crash. The flight was diverted because of problems with the nose landing gear The aircraft climbed to 2,000 feet while the crew attempted to correct the problem. Surviving passengers and crewmembers stated that the flight was routine and operated normally before impact with the ground. The National Transportation Safety Board determines that the probable cause of this accident, was preoccupation with a malfunction of the nose landing gear position indicating system distracted the crew's attention from the instruments and allowed the descent to go unnoticed.
AIR CRASH INVESTIGATIONS EYE OF THE NEEDLE The Crash of British Airways Flight 38
On 28 November 2008, a Boeing 777-200ER, operated by British Airways as flight BA38, on its way from Beijing, China to London (Heathrow), suffered on approach to Heathrow Airport an in-flight engine rollback. At 720 feet agl, the right engine ceased responding to autothrottle commands for increased power and instead the power reduced to 1.03 Engine Pressure Ratio (EPR). Seven seconds later the left engine power reduced to 1.02 EPR. This reduction led to a loss of airspeed and the aircraft touching down some 330 m short of the paved surface of Runway 27L at London Heathrow. The investigation identified that the reduction in thrust was due to restricted fuel flow to both engines. It was determined that the restriction occurred most probably in the Fuel Oil Heat Exchangers. The investigation identified the forming of ice in the fuel system as probable cause. The aircraft was destroyed, but there were no casualties.
AIR CRASH INVESTIGATIONS LACK OF EXPERIENCE The Crash of a Maryland State Police Helicopter
On September 27, 2008, about 2358 eastern daylight time, an Aerospatiale Helicopter (Eurocopter) operated by the Maryland State Police (MSP) encountered instrument meteorological conditions was diverted to Andrews Air Force Base (ADW), Camp Springs, Maryland. About 3.2 miles north of the runway 19R threshold at ADW, during an instrument landing system approach, the helicopter impacted terrain and crashed. The pilot, one flight paramedic, one field provider, and one of two automobile accident patients being transported were killed. The helicopter was substantially damaged when it collided with trees and terrain in Walker Mill Regional Park, District Heights, Maryland. The National Transportation Safety Board determined that the probable cause of this accident was the pilot's lack of experience and lacking support of supporting institutions.
Air Crash Investigations
On August 27, 2006, Comair Flight 5191, a Bombardier CL-600-2B19, crashed during takeoff from the wrong runway of Blue Grass Airport, Lexington, Kentucky, killing 49 of the 50 people aboard. From the beginning everything went wrong. First the captain and first officer boarded the wrong airplane, only after starting the auxiliary power unit they found out they were in the wrong aircraft. Taxiing to the takeoff position the captain and first officer were so engaged in a private conversation that they did not realize they took the wrong runway. The air traffic controller did not notice anything.
The Crash of Comair 5191
On August 27, 2006, Comair Flight 5191, a Bombardier CL-600-2B19, crashed during takeoff from the wrong runway of Blue Grass Airport, Lexington, Kentucky, killing 49 of the 50 people aboard. From the beginning everything went wrong. First the captain and first officer boarded the wrong airplane, only after starting the auxiliary power unit they found out they were in the wrong aircraft. Taxiing to the takeoff position the captain and first officer were so deeply engaged in a private conversation that they did not realize they took the wrong runway. The air traffic controller did not notice anything.
AIR CRASH INVESTIGATIONS, PILOT ERROR? The Crash of Ethiopian Airlines Flight 409
On 25 January 2010, at 00:41:30 UTC, Ethiopian Airlines flight ET 409, a Boeing 737-800, on its way from Beirut to Addis Abeba, crashed just after take-off from Rafic Hariri International Airport in Beirut, Lebanon, into the Mediterranean Sea about 5 NM South West of Beirut International Airport. All 90 persons on board were killed in the accident. The investigation concluded that the probable causes of the accident were pilot errors due to loss of situational awareness. Ethiopian Airlines refutes this conclusion. Other factors that could have lead to probable causes are the increased workload and stress levels that have most likely led to the captain reaching a situation of loss of situational awareness similar to a subtle incapacitation and the F/O failure to recognize it or to intervene accordingly. Ethiopian Airlines refutes the investigation. According to the airline the final report was biased, lacking evidence, incomplete and did not present the full account of the accident.
Air Crash Investigations: Lost Over the Atlantic, the Mysterious Disappearance of Air France Flight 447
On 31 May 2009, flight AF447, an Airbus A330-200, took off from Rio de Janeiro bound for Paris. At 2 h 10, a position message and some maintenance messages were transmitted by the ACARS automatic system. After this nothing was heard of from the aircraft. Six days later bodies and airplane parts were found by the French and Brazilian navies. All 228 passengers and crew members on board are presumed to have perished in the accident. A massive search by air and sea craft for the plane's black boxes failed so far.
AIR CRASH INVESTIGATIONS - UNCONTAINED ENGINE FAILURE - The Accident of Delta Air Flight 1288
"On July 6, 1996, a McDonnell Douglas MD-88, operated by Delta Airlines, as flight 1288, experienced an engine failure during the initial part of its take-off at Pensacola Regional Airport, Florida. Debris from the engine penetrated the fuselage. Two passengers were killed and two others were seriously injured. The probable cause of the accident was improper maintenance." -- cover.
