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This book assesses the institutional, technical and market constraints as well as opportunities for smallholders, notably, emerging farmers in disadvantaged areas such as the former homelands of South Africa. Emerging farmers are previously disadvantaged black people who started or will start their business with the support of special government programs. Public support programs have been developed as part of the Black Economic Empowerment strategy of the South African government. These programs aim to improve the performance of emerging farmers. This requires, first and foremost, upgrading the emerging farmers skills by providing access to knowledge about agricultural and entrepreneurial pr...
Over 70% of food production is in the hands of farmers; however, numerous studies have shown that smallholder farmers do not have access to markets. The reasons for this failure have been attributed to a lack of financial resources and infrastructure. To date, no one has questioned the role that graduates, academics, agricultural economists, and agricultural extension officials play in the plight of market access. Global Agricultural and Food Marketing in a Global Context: Advancing Policy, Management, and Innovation discusses key aspects of the agricultural marketing context including the policy environment, the available local markets and how they operate, the conditions and requirements for international trade, the logistic system operations, and the technology developments in marketing. Covering topics such as produce, food production, and digital marketing, this reference work is ideal for farmers, government officials, policymakers, researchers, scholars, academicians, practitioners, educators, and students.
The fourth edition of The Guide to Higher Education in Africa contains reliable and up-to-the-minute information on higher education throughout Africa - over 900 institutions in 47 countries, plus details of national education systems and agencies - in a single reference source.
'The authors aim to stimulate discussion about the nature and purposes of critical citizenship education in higher education. Rather than promoting a blueprint for change, the authors thoughtfully consider a generative research agenda for transformative higher education and focus on how this orientation in higher education plays out on the ground. This book, together with its Coda that takes the conversation beyond critical citizenship education to include responsible citizenship, provides compelling reasons and sound suggestions for a way forward.
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As educational standards continue to transform, it has become essential for educators and pre-service teachers to receive the support and training necessary to effectively instruct their students and meet societal expectations. However, there is not a clear consensus on what constitutes teacher effectiveness and quality within the education realm. The Handbook of Research on Professional Development for Quality Teaching and Learning provides theoretical perspectives and empirical research on educator preparation and methods for enhancing the teaching process. Focusing on teacher effectiveness and support provided to current and pre-service educators, this publication is a comprehensive reference source for practitioners, researchers, policy makers, graduate students, and university faculty.