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The Economics of Public Spending investigates the extent of government involvement in the economy, details its rational, and traces its historical record. The book unites articles previously published in Fiscal Studies, each one addressing a different area of expenditure and written by an economist specializing in that field. They describe both the data on public expenditure and the theory relevant to understanding the policy issues. A new introduction investigates the overall role of the public sector and discusses the general theory of public expenditure. In providing a detailed analysis of public expenditure, the book makes an important contribution to the economics literature. There are no other texts with this breadth of coverage or depth of analysis. Insights are provided into both the policy issues, cross-country comparisons of expenditure, and alternative approaches to economic analysis. The chapters apply the tools of orthodox public finance, public choice, modern public economics, and game theory to reach a range of policy proposals and conclusions. These demonstrate the range and potential of economic analysis when applied to these important issues.
The goal of the Mirrlees Review has been to identify what makes a good tax system for an open developed economy in the 21st century and to suggest how the UK tax system could be reformed to move in that direction. As an integral part of the Review, this volume brings together thirteen studies of different dimensions of tax design, plus associated commentaries. These were commissioned from IFS researchers and other international experts, to be of interest and value in their ownright, as well as to provide inspiration for the final report of the Review, which is published as a separate volume, Tax by Design.The Commission's work was directed by:Tim BesleyRichard BlundellMalcolm GammieJames PoterbaThe Commission's editorial team:Stuart AdamStephen BondRobert ChotePaul JohnsonGareth Myles
Told for the first time in English, Paul Preston’s new book tells the story of a preventable tragedy that cost many thousands of lives and ruined tens of thousands more at the end of the Spanish Civil War.
The Grief Trip is a story of learning to heal with grief with the help of psychedelics. The loss of his son at 19 changed Stuart's life forever. This is his unique method of learning to move forward in life, to heal with his grief. It's time to break the stigmas around mental health, suicide, and psychedelics. When we do that, we might save some lives.
economic impact of Immigration : 1st report of session 2007-08, Vol. 2: Evidence
"The theme of The World Development Report 2007 is youth - young people between the ages of 12 to 24. As this population group seeks identity and independence, they make decisions that affect not only their own well-being, but that of others, and they do this in a rapidly changing demographic and socio-economic environment. Supporting young people's transition to adulthood poses important opportunities and risky challenges for development policy. Are education systems preparing young people to cope with the demands of changing economies? What kind of support do they get as they enter the labor market? Can they move freely to where the jobs are? What can be done to help them avoid serious consequences of risky behavior, such as death from HIV-AIDS and drug abuse? Can their creative energy be directed productively to support development thinking? The report will focus on crucial capabilities and transitions in a young person's life: learning for life and work, staying healthy, working, forming families, and exercising citizenship. For each, there are opportunities and risks; for all, policies and institutions matter."
Upon arrival at Barton Prison, Julian is processed and taken to a cell occupied by a prisoner named Gordon, who soon becomes his lover. However, six months later, a jealous guard sends Gordon to another wing of the prison, separating the lovers. Not to be deterred, Julian sends a message to Gordon via Lanky, another prisoner, which starts a long correspondence between them. Through their letters, readers learn more about the two men -- their backgrounds, their secrets, their hopes and dreams. The letters reveal the story of two lovers trapped inside a prison, separated from the world outside and from each other. But prison life is hard. There are bashings and murders. There are corrupt prison officers and violent inmates. How can Julian, who comes from an upper middle-class family and is incarcerated for an accident, hope to survive against such odds, especially when he becomes the target of a particularly corrupt and vicious screw?
Studies of wage and income inequality among U.S. citizens over the past thirty years have engendered the common wisdom that the rich are getting richer and the poor are getting poorer. But is it really that simple? In Inequality in Living Standards since 1980 the authors contend that the evolution of income and wage inequalities offers only a partial picture of changes in prosperity in recent decades.
This illustrated history has a wealth of stats, charts, match reports and historical fact, together with a collection of photographs.