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Military and Democracy in Nepal
This book explores the development of the military as an organization and looks at the patterns of civil–military relations that have emerged in modern Nepal, especially after the rise of King Prithvi Narayan Shah, who founded the unified state of Nepal. It combines astute analyses with up-to-date data to present a comprehensive account of the relations between monarchy, military and civil government and their impact on the democratization process in the country. The author underlines the pressing need for establishing civilian supremacy over the military, through developing and strengthening civilian supervisory mechanisms. The book will be an important resource to researchers, scholars, students of politics, military studies, peace and conflict studies, and history, particularly those concerned with Nepal. It will also interest policy-makers, security experts and military personnel.
From Dissent to Democracy
Peaceful protest is a strong driver for democratization across the globe. Yet, it doesn't always lead to democratic transition, as seen in the Arab Spring revolutions in Egypt or Yemen. Why do some nonviolent transitions end in democracy while others do not? In From Dissent to Democracy, Jonathan Pinckney systematically examines transitions initiated by nonviolent resistance campaigns and argues that two key factors explain whether or not democracy will follow such efforts. First, a movement must sustain high levels of social mobilization. Second, it must direct that mobilization away from revolutionary "maximalist" goals and tactics and towards support for new institutions. Pinckney tests his theory by presenting a global statistical analysis of all political transitions from 1945-2011 and three case studies from Nepal, Zambia, and Brazil. Original and empirically rigorous, this book provides new insights into the intersection of democratization and nonviolent resistance and gives actionable recommendations for how to encourage democratic transitions.
Policy Choices in Internal Conflicts
In the course of the research project Internal Conflicts and Transnational Consequences, the CSA has published eleven volumes. These books cover three internal conflicts in India and those in Nepal, Myanmar and Sri Lanka. Each of the conflict was studied in detail with the help of experts from different disciplines and different countries. This is the final volume of the Project which consolidates the studies done earlier, aims at crystallising some useful lessons for the countries studied and also others who continue to have long running internal conflicts. The constraints in trying to resolve the conflicts by the states and addressing the nuances of the consequences are quite complex. This volume attempts to analyse these issues and helps in identifying positive and negative outcomes of the way different governing systems have addressed the conflicts. The study highlights the importance of not only understanding the major internal conflicts but also anticipating and identifying the problems and difficulties that arise from the consequences and throws up useful policy pointers.
Nepal in Transition
Nepal's democracy struggle has been continuing for more than six decades. Since it could not sustain a stable democratic framework even after several attempts in the past, many scholars are stating that Nepal is in permanent transition. Once again, however, it has bagged enormous success in the field of political transformation in 2006 through a highly successful but peacefully organised movement with participation of people from all fields in large numbers. But it could not deconstruct the position of the transition as it has failed to institutionalise the recently gained achievements by making a new constitution even after five years. The only positive thing is that Nepali people, along with various political parties, are still trying hard to resolve vital conflicting issues through dialogue, and come up with a new democratic constitution, though they have already missed three deadlines.
Reproduction of Inequality and Social Exclusion
This book is a detailed account of how hierarchy has been maintained historically by the Nepali state, affirming the uniqueness of a caste-based social order by bringing outsiders, especially ethnic groups and religious minorities, into the caste fold. Focusing on the contemporary state of Dalits, the community that was and is put at the bottom of a very hierarchical social order in Nepal, the author argues that the traditional caste-based social order is still prevalent in the “new” Nepal even after the recent socio-political and constitutional changes. Illustrated by scientifically employed and interpreted data mainly in the three sectors of education, politics and employment, the book...
Nepal - India Open Borders
The present book is based on field study of Nepal-India open border arrangement and conduct of such unique and free border existing between the two countries since the signing of Sugauli Treaty in 1815-16. Its openness poses both challenges and opportunities for disturbing as well as making bilateral relations smooth and friendly. How such close relations which are incomparable to others have been managed and how the newer problems that arise with the pace of time and situation are being addressed are also the theme of study. The findings of study are no less significant as Nepal and India have developed mechanisms to deal with the day-to-day problems making significant improvements for stre...
Oligarchic Cartelization in Post-Suharto Indonesia
Oligarchic Cartelization in Post-Suharto Indonesia By: Boni Hargens As detailed in Oligarchic Cartelization in Post-Suharto Indonesia, a few ruling individuals from party organizations overpowered Indonesia’s post-authoritarian, representative democracy. The legislative process of the 2017 Election Act was the case study employed to examine this assumption. The underlying thinking was that there was a contest between “wealth power” (oligarchy) and “participation power” (democracy). The power of wealth controls the party and government institutions. Notwithstanding the presence of participation power, there was, however, no balance between wealth power and participation power, becau...
Internal Conflicts in Nepal
Neglect of socio- economic needs, inequality and injustice in Nepali society attributed to the genesis of the Maoist insurgency in Nepal. In early 1990, a mass upsurge Jana Andolan paved way for multi party of governance in Nepal. The opening up of the polity increased the awareness of inequality which helped Maoist insurgency to grow dramatically. However, in November 2005, a Comprehensive Peace Agreement was reached between the Communist Party of Nepal (CPN-UML) and other main stream political parties. Monarchy was abolished. Election to the Constituent Assembly was held and a coalition government was been put in place. Inadequate steps to address the ethnic, economic and political aspirations of multi- ethnic groups have caused further unrest and created conditions for newer conflicts. Nepal shares border with India particularly with Bihar and Uttar Pradesh, there is free movement across the borders. This facilitates movement of mafia groups, drug trafficking and political activities. Control of cross border activities remains difficult and led to serious cross border implications.
Internal Conflicts
Internal conflicts have replaced interstate wars in the 21st century. The scale and intensities of these conflicts have widened. Many of these conflicts are protracted and intractable resulting in security, economic and political implications not only within the country but also in neighborhood resulting in internationalization of these conflicts. In many cases the consequences have turned into the causes of continuing conflicts. These developments have made the resolution of internal conflicts complex and stretched the capacities of the states affected by them. As the states face internal conflicts, they are inclined to depend on the armed forces to curb these conflicts followed by a slew of other approaches, viz, development & economic and political. This volume comprises of papers written by a former governor and retired armed forces officials from India and Nepal who had vast experience in handling these conflicts. The observations and views put forward by them provide valuable insight for policy makers, academia and researchers.
Military and Democracy in Nepal
This book explores the development of the military as an organization and looks at the patterns of civil–military relations that have emerged in modern Nepal, especially after the rise of King Prithvi Narayan Shah, who founded the unified state of Nepal. It combines astute analyses with up-to-date data to present a comprehensive account of the relations between monarchy, military and civil government and their impact on the democratization process in the country. The author underlines the pressing need for establishing civilian supremacy over the military, through developing and strengthening civilian supervisory mechanisms. The book will be an important resource to researchers, scholars, students of politics, military studies, peace and conflict studies, and history, particularly those concerned with Nepal. It will also interest policy-makers, security experts and military personnel.
