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Esta publicación es la suma de varias obras: un anuario estadístico de dos siglos combinado con una serie de estudios introductorios más guías de fuentes y bibliografías. El grueso de la obra lo constituyen más de cinco mil columnas de datos, referenciadas en índices analíticos, onomásticos y toponímicos que permiten indagar en la práctica totalidad de los ámbitos estudiados: el clima; la población y la salud; la educación; el sector agrario y la pesca; la industria; la urbanización y la vivienda; los transportes y las comunicaciones; el sector exterior; el sistema monetario y financiero; la empresa y la bolsa; la investigación y el desarrollo; el sector público administrati...
An environmental history of the mountain areas of Turkey, Greece, Italy, Spain, and Morocco.
This is a book with an interest in the materiality of schooling. It is focused on objects in schooling, which, taken individually and together, constitute the sites of schooling. It does not assume a fixed dichotomy between objects and people, in other words, that there is a life of imagination and action, and there are collections of inanimate objects. Nor does it assume that the technologies and objects of schooling, chained together by routines and action, should remain invisible from inquiry into schools as sites of learning and work. Instead, by drawing attention to the materiality of schooling, that is, the ways that objects are given meaning, how they are used, and how they are linked into heterogeneous active networks, in which people, objects and routines are closely connected, it is hoped that a richer historical account can be created about the ways that schools work.
This monograph analyses the evolution of the welfare state in Spain from qualitative and quantitative perspectives. It basically relies on estimates of public social spending from 1850 to the present and offers comparisons with the rest of Europe. As a whole, the volume sheds light on the historical, political, and economic conditions at play during the relatively late development of the Spanish welfare state. Three key driving factors are explored: the political regime, social inequality, and Spain’s exposure to international markets. While economic backwardness and demographic factors explain part of the story, Espuelas demonstrates that inequality explains much of the pre-1936 gap; the lack of democracy and the Franco dictatorship were crucial up to the 1970s, and globalization, rather than having a clear positive or negative effect, has mainly influenced the way social policy is financed. This volume will be of interest to advanced students and researchers of economic history, welfare states, European history, and social policy.
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Mar Soria presents an innovative cultural analysis of female workers in Spanish literature and films. Drawing from nation-building theories, the work of feminist geographers, and ideas about the construction of the marginal subject in society, Soria examines how working women were perceived as Other in Spain from 1880 to 1975. By studying the representation of these marginalized individuals in a diverse array of cultural artifacts, Soria contends that urban women workers symbolized the desires and anxieties of a nation caught between traditional values and rapidly shifting socioeconomic forces. Specifically, the representation of urban female work became a mode of reinforcing and contesting ...