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Isomorphisms of Types
This is a book about isomorphisms 0/ types, arecent difficult research topic in type theory that turned out to be able to have valuable practical applications both for programming language design and far more human centered information retrieval in software libraries. By means of a deep study of the syntax of the now widely known typed A-ca1culus, it is possible to identify some simple equations between types that on one hand allow to improve the design of the ML language, and on the other hand provide the basis for building radically new information retrieval systems for functional software libraries. We present in this book both the theoretical aspects of these researches and a fully funct...
Isomorphisms, Symmetry and Computations in Algebraic Graph Theory
This book consists of a selection of peer-reviewed contributions to the Workshop on Algebraic Graph Theory that took place in Pilsen, Czech Republic in October 2016. Primarily intended for early career researchers, it presents eight self-contained articles on a selection of topics within algebraic combinatorics, ranging from association schemes to symmetries of graphs and isomorphism testing. Algebraic combinatorics is a compelling mathematical discipline based on the powerful interplay of algebraic and combinatorial methods. Algebraic interpretation of combinatorial structures (such as symmetry or regularity) has often led to enlightening discoveries and powerful results, while discrete and combinatorial structures have given rise to new algebraic structures that have found valuable applications. In addition to these original research contributions, the reader will find a survey linking numerous threads in algebraic combinatorics, and an extensive tutorial showcasing the universality of algebraic methods in the study of combinatorial structures.
Lectures on Duflo Isomorphisms in Lie Algebra and Complex Geometry
The Duflo isomorphism first appeared in Lie theory and representation theory. It is an isomorphism between invariant polynomials of a Lie algebra and the center of its universal enveloping algebra, generalizing the pioneering work of Harish-Chandra on semi-simple Lie algebras. Kontsevich later refined Duflo's result in the framework of deformation quantization and also observed that there is a similar isomorphism between Dolbeault cohomology of holomorphic polyvector fields on a complex manifold and its Hochschild cohomology. This book, which arose from a series of lectures by Damien Calaque at ETH, derives these two isomorphisms from a Duflo-type result for $Q$-manifolds. All notions mentio...
Isomorphisms Between H1 Spaces
This book gives a thorough and self contained presentation of H1, its known isomorphic invariants and a complete classification of H1 on spaces of homogeneous type. The necessary background is developed from scratch. This includes a detailed discussion of the Haar system, together with the operators that can be built from it. Complete proofs are given for the classical martingale inequalities, and for large deviation inequalities. Complex interpolation is treated. Througout, special attention is given to the combinatorial methods developed in the field. An entire chapter is devoted to study the combinatorics of coloured dyadic Intervals.
On the Symplectic Type of Isomorphisms of the $p$-Torsion of Elliptic Curves
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The Isomorphism Problem in Coxeter Groups
The book is the first to give a comprehensive overview of the techniques and tools currently being used in the study of combinatorial problems in Coxeter groups. It is self-contained, and accessible even to advanced undergraduate students of mathematics.The primary purpose of the book is to highlight approximations to the difficult isomorphism problem in Coxeter groups. A number of theorems relating to this problem are stated and proven. Most of the results addressed here concern conditions which can be seen as varying degrees of uniqueness of representations of Coxeter groups. Throughout the investigation, the readers are introduced to a large number of tools in the theory of Coxeter groups, drawn from dozens of recent articles by prominent researchers in geometric and combinatorial group theory, among other fields. As the central problem of the book may in fact be solved soon, the book aims to go further, providing the readers with many techniques that can be used to answer more general questions. The readers are challenged to practice those techniques by solving exercises, a list of which concludes each chapter.
Combinatorics and Reasoning
Combinatorics and Reasoning: Representing, Justifying and Building Isomorphisms is based on the accomplishments of a cohort group of learners from first grade through high school and beyond, concentrating on their work on a set of combinatorics tasks. By studying these students, the editors gain insight into the foundations of proof building, the tools and environments necessary to make connections, activities to extend and generalize combinatoric learning, and even explore implications of this learning on the undergraduate level. This volume underscores the power of attending to basic ideas in building arguments; it shows the importance of providing opportunities for the co-construction of knowledge by groups of learners; and it demonstrates the value of careful construction of appropriate tasks. Moreover, it documents how reasoning that takes the form of proof evolves with young children and discusses the conditions for supporting student reasoning.
Lectures on the Curry-Howard Isomorphism
The Curry-Howard isomorphism states an amazing correspondence between systems of formal logic as encountered in proof theory and computational calculi as found in type theory. For instance,minimal propositional logic corresponds to simply typed lambda-calculus, first-order logic corresponds to dependent types, second-order logic corresponds to polymorphic types, sequent calculus is related to explicit substitution, etc.The isomorphism has many aspects, even at the syntactic level:formulas correspond to types, proofs correspond to terms, provability corresponds to inhabitation, proof normalization corresponds to term reduction, etc.But there is more to the isomorphism than this. For instance,...
The Graph Isomorphism Algorithm
We present a new polynomial-time algorithm for determining whether two given graphs are isomorphic or not. We prove that the algorithm is necessary and sufficient for solving the Graph Isomorphism Problem in polynomial-time, thus showing that the Graph Isomorphism Problem is in P. The semiotic theory for the recognition of graph structure is used to define a canonical form of the sign matrix of a graph. We prove that the canonical form of the sign matrix is uniquely identifiable in polynomial-time for isomorphic graphs. The algorithm is demonstrated by solving the Graph Isomorphism Problem for many of the hardest known examples. We implement the algorithm in C++ and provide a demonstration program for Microsoft Windows.
Lectures on Duflo Isomorphisms in Lie Algebra and Complex Geometry
Duflo isomorphism first appeared in Lie theory and representation theory. It is an isomorphism between invariant polynomials of a Lie algebra and the center of its universal enveloping algebra, generalizing the pioneering work of Harish-Chandra on semi-simple Lie algebras. Later on, Duflo's result was refound by Kontsevich in the framework of deformation quantization, who also observed that there is a similar isomorphism between Dolbeault cohomology of holomorphic polyvector fields on a complex manifold and its Hochschild cohomology. The present book, which arose from a series of lectures by the first author at ETH, derives these two isomorphisms from a Duflo-type result for Q-manifolds. All...
