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One Jump Ahead
It’s hard to believe that it’s been over a decade since One Jump Ahead: Challenging Human Supremacy at Checkers was published. I’m delighted to have the oppor- nity to update and expand the book. The ?rst edition ended on a sad note and that was re?ected in the writing. It is now eleven years later and the project has come to a satisfying conclusion. Since its inception, the checkers project has consumed eighteen years of my life— twenty if you count the pre-CHINOOK and post-solving work. It’s hard for me to believe that I actually stuck with it for that long. My wife, Steph, would probably have something witty to say about my obsessive behavior. Rereading the book after a decade w...
Games of No Chance
Is Nine-Men Morris, in the hands of perfect players, a win for white or for black - or a draw? Can king, rook, and knight always defeat king and two knights in chess? What can Go players learn from economists? What are nimbers, tinies, switches and minies? This book deals with combinatorial games, that is, games not involving chance or hidden information. Their study is at once old and young: though some games, such as chess, have been analyzed for centuries, the first full analysis of a nontrivial combinatorial game (Nim) only appeared in 1902. The first part of this book will be accessible to anyone, regardless of background: it contains introductory expositions, reports of unusual tournaments, and a fascinating article by John H. Conway on the possibly everlasting contest between an angel and a devil. For those who want to delve more deeply, the book also contains combinatorial studies of chess and Go; reports on computer advances such as the solution of Nine-Men Morris and Pentominoes; and theoretical approaches to such problems as games with many players. If you have read and enjoyed Martin Gardner, or if you like to learn and analyze new games, this book is for you.
General Principles of Law in the Decisions of International Criminal Courts and Tribunals
International lawyers usually disregard the vital functions that general principles of law may play in the decisions of international courts and tribunals. As far as international criminal law is concerned, general principles of law may be crucial to the outcome of an international trial, "inter alia" because the conviction of an accused in respect of a particular charge may depend on the existence of a given defence under this source. This volume examines the role that general principles of law have played in the decisions of international criminal courts and tribunals. In particular, it analyses their alleged a ~subsidiarya (TM) nature, their process of determination, and their transposition from national legal systems into international law. It concludes that general principles of law have played a significant role in the decisions of international criminal courts and tribunals, not only by filling legal gaps, but also by being a fundamental means for the interpretation of legal rules and the enhancement of legal reasoning.
Legal Knowledge and Information Systems
This volume contains the proceedings of the fourteenth JURIX conference, held December 13-14 2001 at the University of Amsterdam. The Foundation for Legal Knowledge Based Systems (JURIX) is a forum for research in law and computer science. Since 1988, JURIX has organized annual international conferences on research in the field. Topics addressed range from the theoretical (such as the modelling of the law and legal reasoning) to the practical (such as the design of systems that support legal decision making and teaching).
Legal Knowledge and Information Systems
The range of topics addressed in this volume is broader than in previous JURIX volumes. All the main legal functions are covered: legal drafting, legal negotiating, legal decision making and legal argumentation.
Artistic Style Characteriza
Automatic style characterization is the process of measuring, extracting, and analysing different formal elements. Brushstroke technique, in conjunction with other formal elements such as colour and texture, play a vital role in defining an artistic style. This thesis explores the stroke-based style analysis of the paintings of Vincent van Gogh, who is well-known for his use of wide and repetitive brushstrokes. Novel brushstroke extraction techniques are used to segment and analyse Van Gogh’s brushstrokes. The extracted features can then be compiled into a feature set which represents the quantified brushstrokes’ properties and tested using several classification based tests. The most contributing factor for detecting visible brushstroke is the brushstroke’s texture, due to the fact that the texture-based segmentation methods give more satisfactory results in extracting visible brushstrokes with their average classification accuracy and F-measure being 98.30% and 0.973 respectively.
Artificial Intelligence: Methodology, Systems, and Applications
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence: Methodology, Systems, and Applications, AIMSA 2000, held in Varna, Bulgaria in September 2000. The 34 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 60 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on knowledge construction, reasoning under certainty, reasoning under uncertainty, actors and agents, Web mining, natural language processing, complexity and optimization, fuzzy and neural systems, and algorithmic learning.
ICANN ’93
This book contains the proceedings of the International Confer ence on Artificial Neural Networks which was held between September 13 and 16 in Amsterdam. It is the third in a series which started two years ago in Helsinki and which last year took place in Brighton. Thanks to the European Neural Network Society, ICANN has emerged as the leading conference on neural networks in Europe. Neural networks is a field of research which has enjoyed a rapid expansion and great popularity in both the academic and industrial research communities. The field is motivated by the commonly held belief that applications in the fields of artificial intelligence and robotics will benefit from a good understand...
Mission AI
This open access book offers a strategic perspective on AI and the process of embedding it in society. After decades of research, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is now entering society at large. Due to its general purpose character, AI will change society in multiple, fundamental and unpredictable ways. Therefore, the Netherlands Scientific Council for Government Policy (WRR) characterizes AI as a system technology: a rare type of technologies that have a systemic impact on society. Earlier system technologies include electricity, the combustion engine and the computer. The history of these technologies provides us with useful insights about what it takes to direct the introduction of AI in...
Legal Knowledge and Information Systems
The 23rd edition of the JURIX conference was held in the United Kingdom from the 15th till the 17th of December and was hosted by the University of Liverpool. This year submissions came from 18 countries covering all five continents. These proceedings contain thirteen full and nine short papers that were selected for presentation. As usual they cover a wide range of topics. Many contributions deal with formal or computational models of legal reasoning: reasoning with legal principles, two-phase democratic deliberation, burdens and standards of proof, argumentation with value judgments, and tem.
