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Transitional Justice and a State’s Response to Mass Atrocity
This book brings a new focus to the ongoing debate on holding perpetrators of massive humanitarian and human rights violations accountable in countries in transition. It provides a clear-cut and comprehensive legal analysis of the content and nature of a state's obligations to investigate and prosecute as enshrined in the most important humanitarian and human rights treaties; it disentangles the common fallacy that these procedural obligations are naturally rooted and clearly spelled out in the general human rights treaties; and it explains the flaws in an absolutist interpretation. This analysis serves to understand whether such procedural obligations, if narrowly construed, act as impedime...
The Duty to Investigate in Situations of Armed Conflict
This book explores the duty to investigate potential violations of the law during armed conflict, and does so under international humanitarian law (IHL), international human rights law (IHRL), and their interplay. Through a meticulous comparative legal analysis, it maps out the scope and contents of investigative obligations. On the basis of general international law, it also develops and applies a novel and more broadly applicable step-by-step methodology for resolving issues of interplay between both legal regimes. In doing so, this study clarifies the scope of application and contents of investigative obligations under both legal regimes, as well as for situations to which both apply. The book finds that the oft-heard narrative that to require States to conduct human rights investigations during armed conflict would be wholly unrealistic in light of the realities of hostilities is unfounded and in need of revision.
Research Handbook on Post-Conflict State Building
As a conflict ends and the parties begin working towards a durable peace, practitioners and peacebuilders are faced with the thrilling possibilities and challenges of building new or reformed political, security, judicial, social, and economic structures. This Handbook analyzes these elements of post-conflict state building through the lens of international law, which provides a framework through which the authors contextualize and examine the many facets of state building in relation to the legal norms, processes, and procedures that guide such efforts across the globe. The volume aims to provide not only an introduction to and explanation of prominent topics in state building, but also a perceptive analysis that augments ongoing conversations among researchers, lawyers, and advocates engaged in the field.
The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Global Security Studies
This encyclopedia provides an authoritative guide intended for students of all levels of studies, offering multidisciplinary insight and analysis of over 500 headwords covering the main concepts of Security and Non-traditional Security, and their relation to other scholarly fields and aspects of real-world issues in the contemporary geopolitical world.
The Principle of ne bis in idem in International Criminal Law
The legal principle of ne bis in idem proclaims that no person shall be tried twice for the same matter. This principle is important in theory and practice, as it safeguards a fundamental individual interest and spares the accused the burden of a repeat trial. This book provides a comprehensive examination of the ne bis in idem principle in international criminal law. Readers will find a detailed account of ne bis in idem rules in the law and practice of the International Criminal Court and other international criminal courts. The book also examines international law ne bis in idem rules that govern the domestic prosecution of international crimes. The book will be a valuable resource for researchers, academics and policy-makers working in the areas of International Criminal Law and International Human Rights law. It will be of particular use to those interested in defense rights, admissibility of cases before international criminal courts, and issues arising from prosecution of international crimes in multiple criminal jurisdictions.
Transitional Justice in Italy and the Crimes of Fascism and Nazism
This book presents a comprehensive analysis of the Italian experience of transitional justice examining how the crimes of Fascism and World War II have been dealt with from a comparative perspective. Applying an interdisciplinary and comparative methodology, the book offers a detailed reconstruction of the prosecution of the crimes of Fascism and the Italian Social Republic as well as crimes committed by Nazi soldiers against Italian civilians and those of the Italian army against foreign populations. It also explores the legal qualification and prosecution of the actions of the Resistance. Particular focus is given to the Togliatti amnesty, the major turning point, through comparisons to th...
Research Handbook on the Punishment of Atrocity Crimes
This Research Handbook examines the punishment of atrocity crime and presents a wide-ranging critique of post-conviction law, policy and practice. With a team of expert contributing authors, R—is’n Mulgrew and Mikkel Jarle Christensen provide insights into the impact and implications of punishment models, strategies and frameworks.
The International Law of Peacebuilding
This book contributes to the debate on the international law of post-conflict peacebuilding and suggests a need for closer connections between practitioners and lawyers. The work argues that significant benefits accrue when lawyers and conflict/peace practitioners, and scholars work with each other to develop a normative framework for building peace. It also attempts to bridge the divisions that exist between lawyers and the conflict resolution/peace community in the specific context of the international law of post-conflict peacebuilding. After introducing the key concepts of the international law of peacebuilding, the book explores aspects of the relationship between lawyers and peacebuild...
De facto International Prosecutors in a Global Era
In the past decades, great strides have been made to ensure that crimes against humanity and state-sponsored organized violence are not committed with impunity. Alongside states, large international organizations such as the United Nations and forums such as the International Criminal Court, 'de facto international prosecutors' have emerged to address these crimes. Acting as investigators and evidence-gathers to identify individuals and officials engaged in serious human rights violations, these 'private' non-state actors, and state legal 'officials' in a foreign court, pursue criminal accountability for those most responsible for core international crimes. They do so when local options to investigate fail and an international criminal tribunal remains unavailable. This study outlines three case studies of witnesses and victims who pursue those most responsible, including former heads of state. It examines their practices and strategies, and shows how witnesses and victims of core crimes emerge as key leaders in the accountability process.
Staatsverbrechen im Völkerrecht
Staatsverbrechen wie Okozide, Migrations- oder Kriegsverbrechen sind jungst durch zivilgesellschaftliches Engagement in das offentliche Bewusstsein gelangt. Menschenrechtsorganisationen reichen Strafanzeigen bei Gericht ein, um offentliche Debatten anzuregen. Mit ihren Interventionen vor dem Internationalen Strafgerichtshof machen sie die Offentlichkeit auf Verbrechen des Globalen Nordens aufmerksam, die bislang wenig sichtbar sind. Diese strategische Prozessfuhrung verfolgt einen rechtlichen und sozialen Wandel. Dabei nutzen zivile Akteure das Recht als Werkzeug, um breite Aufarbeitungsprozesse zu initiieren. Zugleich geraten die Akteure weltweit unter Druck und ihre Handlungsraume werden zunehmend eingeschrankt. Starke Zivilgesellschaften haben eine menschenrechtsschutzende Funktion, insoweit sind volkerrechtliche Strategien zur Einbindung im Kontext der Aufarbeitung wichtig.
