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This book provides a detailed analysis on the history and development of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (UNCOPUOS) and the Conference on Disarmament (CD) and the coordination and cooperation between these two fora. Furthermore, it discusses the future challenges that these fora will have to deal with and conclude in which way the current system can change to cope with the evolution of space matters. This is necessary for the proper discussion of space matters because these matters cannot simply be divided between military and non-military, but are interrelated.
WTO Law and Policy presents an authoritative account of the emergence of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the basic principles and institutional law of the WTO. It explores how political economy has shaped the WTO’s legal philosophy and policies, and provides insights into how international trade law at the WTO has developed. This textbook examines the legal obligations of the Member States of the WTO under the multilateral trade agreements, the legal remedies available under the rules-based dispute settlement system, and incorporates the most relevant case laws from the WTO’s jurisprudence. It outlines several key contemporary issues which the WTO faces as well as areas that need ...
"Data is emerging as a key component of military operations, both on and off the battlefield. Large troves of data generated by new information technologies-often termed "big data"-are growing ever more important to a range of military functions. Military forces and other actors will increasingly need to acquire, evaluate, and utilize such data in many combat contexts. At the same time, those forces can gain advantages by targeting adversaries' data and data systems. And a multitude of actors within armed conflict, including humanitarian and human rights organizations, can also use big data to deliver aid or identify atrocities. Such myriad uses of big data raise challenging interpretive que...
This collection reflects on contemporary and contentious issues in international rulemaking in regards to pharmaceutical patent law. With chapters from both well-established and rising scholars, the collection contributes to the understanding of the regulatory framework governing pharmaceutical patents as an integrated discipline through the assessment of relevant laws, trends and policy options. Focusing on patent law and related pharmaceutical regulations, the collection addresses the pressing issues governments face in an attempt to resolve policy dilemmas involving competing interests, needs and objectives. The common theme running throughout the collection is the need for policy and law makers to think and act in a systemic manner and to be more reflective and responsive in finding new solutions within and outside the patent system to the long-standing problems as well as emerging challenges
Patents, including pharmaceutical patents, enjoy extended protection for twenty years under the TRIPs Agreement. The Agreement has resulted in creating a two-tier system of the World Trade Organisation Member States, and its implementation has seen the price of pharmaceutical products skyrocket, putting essential medicines beyond the reach of the common man. The hardest hit populations come from the developing and least developed countries, which have either a weak healthcare system or no healthcare at all, where access to essential and affordable medicines is extremely difficult to achieve. Pharmaceutical Patent Protection and World Trade Law studies the problems faced by these countries in obtaining access to affordable medicines for their citizens in light of the TRIPS Agreement. It explores the opportunities that are still open for some developing countries to utilise the flexibilities available under the TRIPS Agreement in order to mitigate the damage caused by it. The book also examines the interrelationship between the world governing bodies, and the right to health contained in some of the developing country’s national constitutions.
The Research Handbook on Warfare and Artificial Intelligence provides a multi-disciplinary exploration of the urgent issues emerging from the increasing use of AI-supported technologies in military operations. Bringing together scholarship from leading experts in the fields of technology and security from across the globe, it sheds light on the wide spectrum of existing and prospective cases of AI in armed conflict.
A comprehensive definition of autonomous weapons systems and their operation and what happens when they cause violations of international law.
The Policy Space in International Intellectual Property Law presents a critical and original examination of the policy space in international intellectual property law through the unique lens of glocalisation. Distinguishing between the unregulated local space and the regulated glocal space as distinct components of this policy space, it contends that it is within the glocal space that states can resist or adapt the globalising waves flowing from the international intellectual property system. It discusses both the contours and the components of this glocal space. It further highlights the important role that the WTO’s adjudicatory bodies play in preserving this glocal space in international intellectual property law.
This book explains the rise of China, India, and Brazil in the international trading system, and the implications for trade law.
This book offers unique insight regarding the Nigerian government oil marginal field farm-out exercise which raised international concern over its ability to be fair, justified, and legal whilst requiring a cautionary application to avoid driving away investors. It demonstrates the prudence in developing oil marginal fields alongside renewable energy to aid the development and gradual switch to renewable energy. It traces the authority behind natural resources development and foreign direct investment in resolutions and policy statements of the UN and OPEC. It discusses petroleum business arrangements and Nigerian oil marginal field regulations, and reviews Nigerian marginal field development. Concluding the legality of the government farm-out exercise was drawn from a combination of the United Nations resolutions on developing countries sovereignty over natural resources and declaratory statements of the OPEC on member countries making policy development to take charge of their natural resources.