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The scope of this work is to provide an extensive experimental investigation of ferrotoroidicity, the most recently established type of ferroic order that is based on the uniform unit-cell-sized alignment of magnetic whirls. This is achieved by transferring basic spin configurations pertinent for the emergence of toroidal order to mesoscopic length scales. An engineering of and access to the system's magnetic degrees of freedom is made possible by using nanomagnetic arrays as model systems. The work revealsmicroscopic and macroscopic aspects of toroidally ordered matter beyond the reach of natural materials.
Covering the fruitful combination of nonlinear optics and ferroic materials! Nonlinear Optics on Ferroic Materials features three fields of physics: symmetry; magnetic or electric, long-range (ferroic) order; and nonlinear laser optics. The book begins by introducing the fundamentals of each of field. Next, it discusses how nonlinear optical studies help to reveal properties that are inaccessible with standard characterization techniques. A systematic discussion is also provided of the unique degrees of freedom of the nonlinear-optical probing of ferroics. The final section of the book explores material classes of primary interest in contemporary condensed-matter physics. This includes multi...
The perception of demons in late antiquity was determined by the cultural and religious contexts. Therefore the authors of this volume take into consideration a wide variety of texts stemming from different religious milieus ranging from spells, apocalypses, martyrdom literature to hagiography and focus specifically on the literary aspects of the transformation of the demonic in this period of transition.
Winterstimmungen aus der Kindheit werden wachgerufen. Immer wieder wird der spannende Weihnachtsabend erwartet. An besondere Geschenke erinnert man sich viele Jahre später. Eine Exkursion um den Stechlinsee zurück zum Quartier zieht sich ungeahnt in die Länge. Folgen Sie den exotischen Regeln, wie man in der Sowjetunion reisen durfte oder eben aufgehalten wurde. Plötzlich saß man mitten in Sibirien fest in den Fängen der Miliz. Räucherkerzen von besonderer Mixtur entstehen aus einer Strafarbeit heraus, der Sohn hatte sich ungefragt das Auto des Vaters für eine Spritztour geliehen. Nach Kriegsende eine Wohnung zu bekommen war schwer, ein geschenkter Anzug führt zu überraschenden Folgen. Vom dunklen Schattenreich der Weihnachtsgeschenke berichtet eine surreale Geschichte, die Klimagefahr öffnet einen anderen Blick auf unseren Konsum. Einen Protagonisten verschlägt es gar auf die Antarktisstation Neumayer III. Die Nebelgespenster eines Schneesturms dringen in unseren Blick. Der Band enthält neben Erzählungen zahlreiche Gedichte über Winterlandschaften, die Adventszeit und den Heiligen Abend. Hören Sie, der Weihnachtsmann klopft an die Tür!
Traditional art is based on conventions of resemblance between the work and that which it is a representation "of". Abstract art, in contrast, either adopts alternative modes of visual representation or reconfigures mimetic convention. This book explores the relation of abstract art to nature (taking nature in the broadest sense—the world of recognisable objects, creatures, organisms, processes, and states of affairs). Abstract art takes many different forms, but there are shared key structural features centered on two basic relations to nature. The first abstracts from nature, to give selected aspects of it a new and extremely unfamiliar appearance. The second affirms a natural creativity that issues in new, autonomous forms that are not constrained by mimetic conventions. (Such creativity is often attributed to the power of the unconscious.) The book covers three categories: classical modernism (Mondrian, Malevich, Kandinsky, Arp, early American abstraction); post-war abstraction (Pollock, Still, Newman, Smithson, Noguchi, Arte Povera, Michaux, postmodern developments); and the broader historical and philosophical scope.
This book offers a new approach to imagination which brings its emotional, social, cultural, contextual and existential characteristics to the fore. Fantasy and imagination are understood as the human capacity to distance oneself from the here?and?now situation in order to return to it with new possibilities. To do this we use social?cultural means (e.g. language, stories, art, images, etc.) to conceive of imaginary scenarios, some of which may become real. Imagination is involved in every situation of our lives, though to different degrees. Sometimes this process can lead to concrete products (e.g., artistic works) that can be picked up and used by others for the purposes of their imagining...
Europe and much of the developed world have been bogged down by stagnant economic growth and alarmingly high rates of unemployment. But not Germany. This book reveals seven key aspects of the German economy and society that have provided considerable buoyance in an era of global turbulence.
One of the core challenges in linguistics is elucidating compounds—their formation as well as the reasons their structure varies between languages. This book on Modern Greek rises to the challenge with a meticulous treatment of its diverse, intricate compounds, a study as grounded in theory as it is rich in data. Enhancing our knowledge of compounding and word-formation in general, its exceptional scope is a worthy model for linguists, particularly morphologists, and offers insights for students of syntax, phonology, dialectology and typology, among others. The author examines first-tier themes such as the order and relations of constituents, headedness, exocentricity, and theta-role saturation. She shows how Modern Greek compounding relates to derivation and inflection, and charts the boundaries between compounds and phrases. Exploring dialectically variant compounds, and identifying historical changes, the analysis extends to similarly formed compounds in wholly unrelated languages.
Während die Einordnung von Daten und digitalen Inhalten in das Korsett der Privatrechtsordnung bereits seit Jahrzehnten umstritten ist, treten mit Non-fungible Token (NFTs) und den neuen virtuellen Welten unter dem Buzzword "Metaverse" neuartige Phänomene auf, welche die Diskussion wieder entfachen und verändern. In diesem Zusammenhang nimmt die Untersuchung die Auswirkungen der Blockchaintechnologie auf das Privatrecht, begrenzt auf die Tokenisierung digitaler Inhalte, in den Blick. Das Werk widmet sich der Forschungsfrage, welche Rechte an virtuellen Gütern bestehen und wie diese am Markt gehandelt werden können. Hierzu stellt es die Besonderheiten virtueller Güter im Vergleich zu an...