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Inventing isn’t easy! In this book, twelve “valleys of death” are identified which, following a linear approach, correspond to the various obstacles that limit the various passages from an original idea to invention, and then to industrial innovation. These various limiting factors have a variety of origins: disciplined scientific training, weak general and scientific culture, New Public Management, hierarchical support, funding, evaluation, proof of concepts, complexity management, and heuristic and interdisciplinary approaches on the one hand, and attractiveness for the new on the other. After an idea is formulated, these contexts bring small elements of science into play, but above all human aspects ranging from motivation and the quality of exchanges to responsibility. In short, it is a possible dynamic way of living together to promote innovations stemming from science. This is not easy, but if the invention is profitable for society, the downstream sector can greatly facilitate the various stages of commercialization.
Inventing isn’t easy! After identifying and presenting the 12 "valleys of death", the real obstacles limiting the transition from an original idea to an innovative one, including the notion of socially responsible research, Knowledge Production Modes between Science and Applications 2 applies the concepts introduced in Volume 1. The book starts off with 3D printing, which has essentially broken through all barriers by offering remarkable advantages over existing mechanical technology. The situation is different for 4D printing and bio-printing. First of all, we need to tackle the complexity inherent in these processes, and move away from disciplinarity to find robust, applicable solutions, despite the obstacles. This is possible in niche areas, but currently, low profitability still limits their general applicability and the willingness of researchers to embrace interdisciplinary convergence....
General circulation model (GCM) experiments in the late 1970's indicated that the climate is sensitive to variations in evaporation at the land surface. Thus, in the context of climate modeling, it became important to develop techniques which would realistically estimate the evaporation flux on land. Land Surface Evaporation: Measurement and Parameterization discusses strategies for the use of experimental data in developing and testing parameterization schemes of the evaporation flux in GCM's. The book reviews state-of-the-art techniques, such as remote sensing, which measure evaporation fluxes over continental surfaces. It evaluates their relevance with respect to the various spatial and temporal scales of interest. This book will provide researchers in climatology, meteorology, hydrology and water management, and remote sensing with a thorough overview of current research in land surface evaporation. It will also give young scientists insight into surface processes.
A comprehensive treatment of models and processes related to water fluxes for meteorologists, hydrologists and oceanographers.
In 2003, Leon Fink published his oral history of Guatemalan and Mexican migrants in Morganton, North Carolina, and their fight for unionization in a poultry processing plant. In the following years, Fink remained in touch with many of the people he profiled in the book, and in 2022 he returned to Morganton to interview them and talk with their children, new migrants in the area, and community leaders, particularly women. Their conversations covered a wide range of topics, including labor struggles and victories, grassroots and electoral political organizing, social activism (especially on issues affecting undocumented migrants), class mobility for second-generation migrants, and new cooperative worker-owned institutions, including a bookstore, a textile factory, and a preschool. This revised and expanded edition of The Maya of Morganton reveals what Fink found on his return to Morganton, documenting two decades of continuity and change in a new preface and chapter. Together, the new and original material present a comprehensive yet intimate examination of the migrant experience in western North Carolina.
First book to focus on Americanism and its consideration of French film and literature The book is organized around individual figures, texts, and films, making it easy to adopt for individual units in courses. The book is written in clear, accessible, and jargon-free language. The book brings a new and innovative transatlantic perspective to 1930s French culture. The books offers new perspectives on important figures that we thought we knew well. The book mixes cultural history with the analysis of individual films and novels in a way that is engaging to read.
New technologies and the growing flow of information create new conditions for individuals who use these technologies in the workplace. The existence and application of modern IT systems can result in new forms of work, tasks that have actually emerged as a result of modern computer and other systems. This first Work Life 2000 Yearbook contains the proceedings of European workshops, organised by the Swedish National Institute for Working Life. These workshops illuminate many different aspects of working life in many nations.
Additive Manufacturing of Polymer Composites: Materials, Processes, and Properties presents the latest developments in AM of polymer matrix composites and illustrates the large range of composite materials that can be obtained. Different technologies with their own specificities such as: fused filament fabrication, selective laser sintering, stereolithography, and direct-ink-writing. Composites with chopped or continuous reinforcement, with synthetic or natural fibers, with thermoplastic or thermoset resin are compared and described in detail. Their thermal, physical, electrical, and mechanical properties are discussed. The book is dedicated to professionals involved in engineering design an...