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Humans process quantity information without the aid of language or symbols to guide a variety of everyday life decisions. The cognitive system that supports this intuitive skill is often referred to as the approximate number system (ANS). It has been argued that the ANS serves as the foundation of the formal symbolic number system—mathematics. Abundant empirical evidence is supportive of this view: acuity of the ANS is positively correlated with symbolic math performance, training of the ANS may cause improvements in symbolic math performance, and the ANS and symbolic number processing may share a common neural underpinning. However, recently several theories and empirical data cast doubt on the role of the ANS in symbolic math processing. This e-book aims to advance our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of the overlap between the ANS and mathematics.
Ask mathematicians to describe mathematics and they' ll use words like playful, beautiful, and creative. Pose the same question to students and many will use words like boring, useless, and even humiliating. Becoming the Math Teacher You Wish You' d Had, author Tracy Zager helps teachers close this gap by making math class more like mathematics. Zager has spent years working with highly skilled math teachers in a diverse range of settings and grades and has compiled those' ideas from these vibrant classrooms into' this game-changing book. Inside you' ll find: ' How to Teach Student-Centered Mathematics:' Zager outlines a problem-solving approach to mathematics for elementary and middle schoo...
This volume provides a multi-disciplinary perspective on grit, its measurement, manifestation and development. Specifically, it provides a comprehensive and balanced response to critiques associated with the construct within the contemporary positive psychological literature. These critiques revolve around the lack of consensus in the conceptualisation, measurement, and management of grit, as well as consensus on its difference from other psychological constructs such as conscientiousness, diligence or determination. Therefore, this volume thoroughly reappraises and consolidates the nature, function, measurement and implications of grit in order to effectively advance the science of achievement. It looks at grit scales developed in various countries and evaluates the concept in various aspects of life, from work performance to sports. Written by a team of multi-disciplinary experts in fields ranging from neuroscience, sociology, and education to human resource management and psychology, this volume firmly positions grit within the discipline of positive psychology’s nomological lexicon.
Emerging contaminants include an extensive array of synthetic chemicals in global use, such as plastic additives, microplastics, water disinfection byproducts, pharmaceuticals, man-made nanomaterials, and UV-filters. Because of their extensive use in anthropogenic activities, these chemicals are entering the environment at alarming levels as hazardous wastes and non-biodegradable substances. This book emphasizes on the comprehensive information on emerging contaminants overview, environmental occurrence, analysis, risk assessment and toxicity assessment. Environmental, legal, health concerns of the ECs have also been covered in this book. The book also features an updated status from the industrial point of view.
This book examines the evolution of Chinese maritime power for each of three major periods in modem Chinese history: 1945 to the Sino-Soviet break, 1960 to the Lin Biao incident, and 1971 to the present.
China's Security State describes the creation, evolution, and development of Chinese security and intelligence agencies as well as their role in influencing Chinese Communist Party politics throughout the party's history. Xuezhi Guo investigates patterns of leadership politics from the vantage point of security and intelligence organization and operation by providing new evidence and offering alternative interpretations of major events throughout Chinese Communist Party history. This analysis promotes a better understanding of the CCP's mechanisms for control over both Party members and the general population. This study specifies some of the broader implications for theory and research that can help clarify the nature of Chinese politics and potential future developments in the country's security and intelligence services.