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The Politics of Turkish Democracy
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 284

The Politics of Turkish Democracy

One of the most significant yet least known periods of modern Turkish history is that of Turkey's second president, İsmet İnönü. Following the death of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk in 1938, Turkish politicians and intellectuals struggled to redefine Kemalist notions of modernity and democracy, Islam and secularization, the role of the state, and Turkey's place in the world. The Politics of Turkish Democracy examines İnönü's presidency (1938–1950), which developed amid the crises of World War II and the Cold War, global economic and political transformation, and economic and social change within Turkey. John M. VanderLippe analyzes the political discourse of the era and argues that İnönü was a pivotal figure who played the decisive role in Turkey's transition to a multi-party political system.

Turkey, Greece, and the
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 558

Turkey, Greece, and the "Borders" of Europe

The Republic of Turkey has long aspired to join Europe both politically and culturally. However, its attempts to do so have been met with scepticism, and there is no unequivocal answer to the question of whether or not Turkey is accepted and viewed as European. This question is of particular interest in the case of Germany, the engine of the European Union’s economy which is not only home to millions of Turkish immigrants, but also has a history of cooperation with Turkey unique among European countries. With its analysis of West German prestige newspapers printed between 1950 and 1975, this study looks into how Germans viewed Turkey from a cultural and political perspective during a critical period of Turkish integration with the West and Europe, and compares this with perceptions of Greece, whose path to Europe was far less problematic by virtue of its classical legacy and Christian heritage.

Turkey's Difficult Journey to Democracy
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 269

Turkey's Difficult Journey to Democracy

Turkey's Difficult Journey to Democracy provides a thorough examination of the evolution of Turkey's democracy to the present day. After the Second World War, Turkey was considered to have made a highly successful transition from a single party authoritarian state to political competition. Yet, within ten years, Turkey had experienced its first military intervention. During the next forty years, the country vacillated between democratic openings and direct or indirect military interventions. The ascendance in the importance of questions of economic prosperity has helped the deepening and maturing of Turkish democracy, but some impediments persist to produce malfunctions in the operation of a...

Encyclopedia of the Developing World
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 1901

Encyclopedia of the Developing World

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2013-10-18
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  • Publisher: Routledge

A RUSA 2007 Outstanding Reference Title The Encyclopedia of the Developing World is a comprehensive work on the historical and current status of developing countries. Containing more than 750 entries, the Encyclopedia encompasses primarily the years since 1945 and defines development broadly, addressing not only economics but also civil society and social progress. Entries cover the most important theories and measurements of development; relate historical events, movements, and concepts to development both internationally and regionally where applicable; examine the contributions of the most important persons and organizations; and detail the progress made within geographic regions and by individual countries.

Turkey
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 293

Turkey

From its earliest days, the dominant history of the Turkish Republic was told as a triumphant narrative of national self-determination and secular democratic modernization. In that officially sanctioned account, the years between the fall of the Ottoman Empire and the formation of the Turkish state marked an absolute rupture, and the Turkish nation formed an absolute unity. In recent years, this hermetic division has begun to erode—but as the old consensus collapses, new histories and accounts of political authority have been slow to take its place. In this richly detailed alternative history of Turkey, Christine M. Philliou focuses on the notion of political opposition and dissent—muhal...

The Cambridge History of the Cold War
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 663

The Cambridge History of the Cold War

This volume examines the origins and early years of the Cold War in the first comprehensive historical reexamination of the period. A team of leading scholars shows how the conflict evolved from the geopolitical, ideological, economic and sociopolitical environments of the two world wars and interwar period.

How Happy to Call Oneself a Turk
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 312

How Happy to Call Oneself a Turk

The modern nation-state of Turkey was established in 1923, but when and how did its citizens begin to identify themselves as Turks? Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, Turkey's founding president, is almost universally credited with creating a Turkish national identity through his revolutionary program to "secularize" the former heartland of the Ottoman Empire. Yet, despite Turkey's status as the lone secular state in the Muslim Middle East, religion remains a powerful force in Turkish society, and the country today is governed by a democratically elected political party with a distinctly religious (Islamist) orientation. In this history, Gavin D. Brockett takes a fresh look at the formation of Turkish ...

Nazis and Nazi Sympathizers in Latin America after 1945
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 293

Nazis and Nazi Sympathizers in Latin America after 1945

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2024-04-25
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  • Publisher: BRILL

Aside from the prominent perpetrators such as Adolf Eichmann, Josef Mengele or Klaus Barbie, there were numerous other cases of Nazis and Nazi sympathizers from Germany and Austria who ended up in Latin America after 1945. Their life trajectories, professional activities, and contacts to local elites in their new homes have hardly been subject to systematic research to date. Their new lives in Latin America, their careers e.g. as diplomats, secret service agents or scientists are therefore a main focus of this volume. The biographies of these people and their networks are woven into the larger political, social, and scientific contexts of postwar Europe and Latin America, especially in the early Cold War period.

A Pearl in Peril
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 289

A Pearl in Peril

Known as "the Pearl of the Mediterranean," Izmir invokes a city and countryside blessed with good fortune; it is known to many as the homeland of Ephesus, Bergama, and Sardis. Yet, Turkey's third largest city has an especially vexed past. The Greek pursuit of the Megali Idea leveraged Classical history for 19th century political gains, and in so doing also foreshadowed the "Asia Minor Catastrophe." Princeton University's work at Sardis played into the duplicitous agendas of western archaeologists, learned societies, and diplomats seeking to structure heritage policy and international regulations in their favor, from the 1919 Paris Peace Conference to the League of Nations. A Pearl in Peril r...

They All Made Peace – What Is Peace?
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 619

They All Made Peace – What Is Peace?

An analysis of the 1923 Treaty of Lausanne from multiple historical, economic, and social perspectives. The last of the post-World War One peace settlements, the 1923 Treaty of Lausanne departed from methods used in the Treaty of Versailles and took on a new peace-making initiative: a forced population exchange that affected one and a half million people. Like its German and Austro-Hungarian allies, the defeated Ottoman Empire had initially been presented with a dictated peace in 1920. In just two years, however, the Kemalist insurgency enabled Turkey to become the first sovereign state in the Middle East, while the Greeks, Armenians, Arabs, Egyptians, Kurds, and other communities previously...