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Criminal punishment in America is harsh and degrading--more so than anywhere else in the liberal west. Executions and long prison terms are commonplace in America. Countries like France and Germany, by contrast, are systematically mild. European offenders are rarely sent to prison, and when they are, they serve far shorter terms than their American counterparts. Why is America so comparatively harsh? In this novel work of comparative legal history, James Whitman argues that the answer lies in America's triumphant embrace of a non-hierarchical social system and distrust of state power which have contributed to a law of punishment that is more willing to degrade offenders.
An exploration of how petty theft in the nineteenth-century German countryside contributed to the modern-day legal system and property laws.
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"The project on 'Criminal Justice and the East German Past' held an international symposium ... from 6 to 9 April 2005 at the Humboldt University in Berlin"--Page v.
Examines the discourse in the press on Jewish crime at the turn of the 19th century - in an epoch when criminal and court-room reports became very popular and attracted a wide audience. The period 1895-1914 was marked by the development of criminal science, which attempted to find psychological and physical abnormalities identifying the "born" criminal, and by a rise in racist antisemitism. Theories of a Jewish propensity to crime were circulated. Remarkably, racial antisemitism affected the press accounts on Jewish criminals, or Jewish "accomplices" (defense attorneys, etc.) of non-Jewish criminals, only to a small degree. Of all the antisemitic narratives on Jewish criminality, the antisem...
The four-volume set LNAI 6881-LNAI 6884 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems, KES 2011, held in Kaiserslautern, Germany, in September 2011. Part 4: The total of 244 high-quality papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. The 46 papers of Part 4 are organized in topical sections on human activity support in knowledge society, knowledge-based interface systems, model-based computing for innovative engineering, document analysis and knowledge science, immunity-based systems, natural language visualisation advances in theory and application of hybrid intelligent systems.