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First published in 1890, and undoubtedly Azevedo's masterpiece, The Slum is one of the most widely read and critically acclaimed novels ever written about Brazil. Indeed, its great popularity, realistic descriptions, archetypal situations, detailed local coloring, and overall race-consciousness may well evoke Huckleberry Finn as the novel's North American equivalent. Yet Azevedo also exhibits the naturalism of Zola and the ironic distance of Balzac; while tragic, beautiful, and imaginative as a work of fiction, The Slum is universally regarded as one of the best, or truest, portraits of Brazilian society ever rendered. This is a vivid and complex tale of passion and greed, a story with many ...
The book discusses how culture simultaneously shapes and is shaped by the economy. Over the past few years, as the world has staggered from one financial crisis to another, the neat separation of economics and culture has been consistently challenged. To understand the current state of affairs, it has become increasingly necessary to understand the conjuncture that rules the production of value in economic systems, how money shapes social relations and affects discursive practices. By discussing the vocabulary, by understanding the rhetoric and interpreting the narratives, be it of crisis, austerity, growth, welfare, neo-liberalism or socialism, new modes of imaging the economic system may b...
The Tenement (O Cortiço) is a classic of literature and a synthesis of Brazilian Naturalism published in 1890. It is one of the best portraits of Brazil at the end of the Second Empire in the 19th century, recreating the reality of human groups subjected to the influence of race, environment, and historical moment. As a work of Naturalism, the plot predominates with the instincts in the behavior of the individual, the strength of the sensuality of the mixed-race woman, and the environment as a determining factor of behavior, Naturalist theses defended by the author. The protagonist of the novel is the Cortiço itself, where launderers, quarry workers, scoundrels, and poor widows jostle each other. The work contains cases of sex, betrayals, fights and racism; and it all takes place in the slum that is located in the Botafogo neighborhood, Rio de Janeiro, at the end of the 19th century.
The reduction of nitrate to nitrogen by metalloenzymes is a vital step in the nitrogen cycle. The importance of this pathway has inspired efforts to understand in greater depth the mechanisms involved. This book presents and discusses the latest information on multiple aspects of denitrification. Written by recognized specialists in the field, this book describes the bioinorganic aspects and the key enzymes involved in denitrification, including their structure, function and mechanisms. Active site modelling, novel methodologies for monitoring denitrification in vivo and biotechnological methods for water treatment are discussed. The book also focusses on the environmental implications of denitrification, such nitrate accumulation and the release of nitrous oxide into the atmosphere from excessive fertiliser use. An important topic in many biological, environmental and agricultural contexts, this book will aid teaching and help bioinorganic chemists and biotechnologists gain an up-to-date picture of the science behind the denitrification process.
We are delighted to present the 2023 Women in Chemistry article collection. Following the celebration of International Women’s Day 2023 and the UNESCO International Day of Women and Girls in Science, Frontiers in Chemistry is proud to offer this platform to promote the work of women in this field. At present, less than 30% of researchers worldwide are women. Long-standing biases and gender stereotypes are discouraging women and girls away from science-related fields, and STEM research in particular. Science and gender equality are, however, essential to ensure sustainable development as highlighted by UNESCO. In order to change traditional mindsets, gender equality must be promoted, stereotypes defeated, and girls and women should be encouraged to pursue STEM careers.
Featuring a pragmatic approach to coping with the legal complications surrounding pretrial release, drug-related crime, and freedom of religion, among other issues, this timely reference presents a host of legal policy problems in diverse political and cultural settings throughout the world. Contributors bridge the academic gulf between worldwide and public policy studies, as well as the ideological gap between liberal and conservative attitudes toward constitutional law, individual liberty, public safety, and human rights. The authors emphasize the need for an integrated, "one-world" perspective in the international legal community, drawing on over 1200 references, tables, and illustrations.
This Companion breaks new ground in our knowledge and understanding of the diverse relationships between literature, architecture, and the city, which together form a field of interdisciplinary research that is one of the most innovative and exciting to have emerged in recent years. Bringing together a wide variety of contributors, not only writers, architectural and literary scholars, and social scientists, but graphic novelists and artists, the book offers contemporary essays on everything from science fiction and the crime novel, to poetry, comics and oral history. It is structured into two sections: History, Narrative and Genre, and Strategy, Language and Form. Including over ninety illustrations, the book is a must read for academics and students.
Sedycias fills a significant gap in his comparative study of three major works: Stephen Crane's Maggie: A Girl of the Streets (American), Aluisio Azevedo's O cortico (Brazilian), and Federico Gamboa's Santa (Mexican). Sedycias investigates certain aspects of discontinuity between European naturalistic ideology and literary practices in the New World. He considers questions of cultural and religious backgrounds and also employs Rene Girard's theory of mimetic desire. All three works share an important common denominator: they present a prostitute as a major character and Sedycias examines attitudes towards the "fallen woman", desire, and religious salvation with this theme. Plot, structure an...
This book covers the bioinorganic chemistry of molybdenum and tungsten enzymes and the physicochemical methods that are used to investigate their structure and function.