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Electoral Systems
Both theoretical and empirical aspects of single- and multi-winner voting procedures are presented in this collection of papers. Starting from a discussion of the underlying principles of democratic representation, the volume includes a description of a great variety of voting procedures. It lists and illustrates their susceptibility to the main voting paradoxes, assesses (under various models of voters' preferences) the probability of paradoxical outcomes, and discusses the relevance of the theoretical results to the choice of voting system.
Constitutional Change in the European Union
Europe’s future is contested between those who want to integrate further, those who prefer things to stay as they are, and those who would retreat into nationalism. These divisions impair the government of the European Union and weaken its ability to shoulder more responsibility for its unstable neighbourhood. This open access book analyses the EU’s evolving constitution, arguing that the lack of effective federal government lies at the heart of its problems. It recommends reforms for each EU institution, including those involving treaty change. It makes the case for a unified executive, a more legitimate legislature, and the introduction of a federal treasury and supreme court. It proposes a fresh category of affiliate membership underpinned by a new European security council that would overcome the historic division between the EU and NATO. The book is essential reading for practitioners and students of European integration.
Proportional Representation
The book offers an in-depth study of the translation of vote counts into seat numbers in proportional representation systems – an approach guided by practical needs. It also provides plenty of empirical instances illustrating the results. It analyzes in detail the 2014 elections to the European Parliament in the 28 member states, as well as the 2009 and 2013 elections to the German Bundestag. This second edition is a complete revision and expanded version of the first edition published in 2014, and many empirical election results that serve as examples have been updated. Further, a final chapter has been added assembling biographical sketches and authoritative quotes from individuals who pioneered the development of apportionment methodology. The mathematical exposition and the interrelations with political science and constitutional jurisprudence make this an apt resource for interdisciplinary courses and seminars on electoral systems and apportionment methods.
Biproportionale Divisormethoden und der Algorithmus der alternierenden Skalierung
Biproportionale Divisormethoden verrechnen Wählerstimmen in Sitzzahlen, sodass sowohl in jedem Wahlkreis ein vorgegebenes Sitzkontingent erfüllt wird als auch jeder Partei so viele Sitze zugeteilt werden, wie sich aus den Stimmen im gesamten Wahlgebiet ergeben. Eingesetzt wird diese Methode bei einigen Schweizer Kantons- und Gemeinderatswahlen. Zur Bestimmung einer biproportionalen Sitzzuteilung wird in dieser Arbeit der Algorithmus der alternierenden Skalierung (AS-Algorithmus) - die diskrete Variante des iterativen proportionalen Anpassungsverfahrens (IPF-Verfahren) - formal eingeführt. Dieser bestimmt iterativ skalierte Stimmenmatrizen, die nach Rundung alternierend die Wahlkreiskontingente und die Parteisitzzahlen erfüllen.
Mengenal Pemilihan Umum Parlemen Uni Eropa
Buku ini mengkaji Pemilu Parlemen Uni Eropa mulai dari sistem pemungutan suara, hak untuk memilih, hak untuk mencalonkan diri, keterlibatan perempuan, partisipasi penyandang disabilitas, pembagian besaran daerah, pencalonan kandidat, tanggal pemilihan, pilihan pemilih untuk mengubah urutan kandidat dalam daftar, mengisi kursi yang dikosongkan selama masa pemilu, penghitungan suara, metode konversi suara jadi kursi, penetapan calon terpilih, dan ambang batas pemilu pada Pemilihan Umum Parlemen Uni Eropa diatur berdasarkan hukum Uni Eropa dan hukum Pemilihan Nasional masing-masing Negara Anggota.
Russia and the Western Far Right
The growing influence of Russia on the Western far right has been much discussed in the media recently. This book is the first detailed inquiry into what has been a neglected but critically important trend: the growing links between Russian actors and Western far right activists, publicists, ideologues, and politicians. The author uses a range of sources including interviews, video footage, leaked communications, official statements and press coverage in order to discuss both historical and contemporary Russia in terms of its relationship with the Western far right. Initial contacts between Russian political actors and Western far right activists were established in the early 1990s, but thes...
Karrieredestination Europäisches Parlament
Anhand eines systematischen Vergleichs soziodemographischer, karriererelevanter und politischer Strukturelemente analysiert der Autor die Karrieren von 1388 konservativ-christdemokratischen und grünen Abgeordneten des Europäischen Parlaments. Daraus zieht er Rückschlüsse auf nationale und parteispektrale Muster hinsichtlich Rekrutierung und Karriereverläufen. Die Untersuchung der Unterschiede und Gemeinsamkeiten – national oder europäisch geprägter – politischer Laufbahnen mündet schließlich in die Entwicklung einer faktorenbasierten Typologie von fünf Karrieretypen für die europäische Ebene.
Democratic Citizenship in Flux
Traditionally, citizenship has been defined as the legal and political link between individuals and their democratic political community. However, traditional conceptions of democratic citizenship are currently challenged by various developments like migration, the rise of populism, increasing polarization, social fragmentation, and the challenging of representative democracy as well as developments in digital communication technology. Against this background, this peer reviewed book reflects recent conceptions of citizenship by bringing together insights from different disciplines, such as political science, sociology, economics, law, and history.
