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A major contribution to studies in child labour, this book explores the contribution of child workers and the particular importance of the parish apprenticeship system to early industrial expansion.
The purpose of this collection is to bring together representative examples of the most recent work that is taking an understanding of children and childhood in new directions. The two key overarching themes are diversity: social, economic, geographical, and cultural; and agency: the need to see children in industrial England as participants - even protagonists - in the process of historical change, not simply as passive recipients or victims. Contributors address such crucial subjects as the varied experience of work; poverty and apprenticeship; institutional care; the political voice of children; child sexual abuse; and children and education. This volume, therefore, includes some of the best, innovative work on the history of children and childhood currently being written by both younger and established scholars.
Women have played an important role in the labor force for hundreds of years, yet it is often assumed that their work was marginal and subsidiary to the more important tasks performed by men. This book explores the ways in which men and women came to operate within two distinct labor markets during the period known as the industrial revolution and explains why industrial capitalism came to depend on a gendered hierarchy of workers. Drawing on twenty years of feminist scholarship it suggests that women workers not only contributed to the wealth of the English economy but through that contribution influenced the direction and progress of the nation's manufacturing industry. This portrayal of w...
'An impressive range of sources... a fascinating, thorough and well produced book. Well Suited's wide scope will appeal to a range of historians - those interested in costume and textiles, gender, Jewish history, economics and business as well as Leeds residents for whom, even if they were not dependent on it, the clothing industry provided a backdrop to everyday life for much of the twentieth century.' -Costume Society'This is a tale of one city, a comprehensive account of an industry extraordinarily important to the economy of Leeds for over a century. But while the book focuses on this national centre of clothing manufacture, the issues considered are anything but parochial.' -Costume Soc...
Chronicling the contributions children made towards their families' livelihoods in hard times, this detailed record catalogs the high price children had to pay--sacrificing their health and education--while employed in agriculture, chimney sweeping, straw-plaiting, silk-throwing, papermaking, and brick making in 19th-century Hertfordshire, England. This enlightening history demonstrates that the poor conditions in factories and mills, as well as in household chimneys, contributed to the many diseases and injuries that afflicted these young laborers. While there are examples of innovative manufacturers such as John Dickinson, who built respectable housing for his employees, the overall picture that emerges during this period is one in which Hertfordshire's children arduously struggled to make ends meet.
This book examines the daily practices of men and women in the 17th through 19th centuries to budget succesfully and make ends meet. The author shows the many ways businesses worked, such as pawning, selling, and borrowing on a regular basis, as well as the strong role gender played in the division of responsibilities.
Despite increasing academic interest in both the study of masculinity and the history of consumption, there are still few published studies that bring together both concerns. By investigating the changing nature of the retailing of menswear, this book illuminates wider aspects of masculine identity as well as patterns of male consumption between the years 1880 and 1939. While previous historical studies of masculinity have focused overwhelmingly on the moral, spiritual and physical characteristics associated with notions of 'manliness', this book considers the relationship between men and activities which were widely considered to be at least potentially 'unmanly' - selling, as well as buying clothes - thus shedding new light on men's lives and identities in this period.
This is a unique account of working-class childhood during the British industrial revolution, first published in 2010. Using more than 600 autobiographies written by working men of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries Jane Humphries illuminates working-class childhood in contexts untouched by conventional sources and facilitates estimates of age at starting work, social mobility, the extent of apprenticeship and the duration of schooling. The classic era of industrialisation, 1790–1850, apparently saw an upsurge in child labour. While the memoirs implicate mechanisation and the division of labour in this increase, they also show that fatherlessness and large subsets, common in these turbulent, high-mortality and high-fertility times, often cast children as partners and supports for mothers struggling to hold families together. The book offers unprecedented insights into child labour, family life, careers and schooling. Its images of suffering, stoicism and occasional childish pleasures put the humanity back into economic history and the trauma back into the industrial revolution.