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Microbial Life in the Cryosphere and Its Feedback on Global Change
The cryosphere stands for environments where water appears in a frozen form. It includes permafrost, glaciers, ice sheets, and sea ice and is currently more affected by Global Change than most other regions of the Earth. In the cryosphere, limited water availability and subzero temperatures cause extreme conditions for all kind of life which microorganisms can cope with extremely well. The cryosphere’s microbiota displays an unexpectedly large genetic potential, and taxonomic as well as functional diversity which, however, we still only begin to map. Also, microbial communities influence reaction patterns of the cryosphere towards Global Change. Altered patterns of seasonal temperature flu...
Life at Rock Surfaces
Rock surfaces provide a challenging habitat for a broad diversity of micro- or small-sized organisms. They interact with each other forming complex communities as well with their substrate causing biodeterioration of rock. Extreme fluctuation in light, temperature and hydration are the main factors that determine the rock surface habitats. The habitat includes epilithic organisms which thrive on the surface without penetrating the rock, endolithic organisms which live just beneath the surface using a thin layer of the rock surface for protection against adverse conditions of the environment (e.g. light protection, storage of water) and chasmo-endolithic organisms which use fractures of the rock surface for a more habitable environment. The book will provide an overview of the various organismal groups, from prokaryotes to vascular plants and arthropods, as well as survey organism-mediated interactions with the rock surface. The latter include biogenic weathering (biogeochemistry, state-of-the art imaging methods), photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation at and inside the rock surface.
Biological Soil Crusts: Spatio-temporal Development and Ecological Functions of Soil Surface Microbial Communities across Different Scales
Biological soil crusts (biocrusts) are widely distributed throughout the world, and cover approximately 12% of the terrestrial surface. Biocrusts are composed of cyanobacteria, algae, lichens, mosses, and a great diversity of other microorganisms, which bind soil particles together to form a layer of biological-soil matrix on the soil surface typically of several millimetres thickness. They are important sites of regional and global microbial diversity and perform multiple ecological functions (multifunctionality). During the evolution of terrestrial life on earth, biocrusts are regarded as the main colonising photosynthetic organisms before the advent of vascular vegetation. They not only r...
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Il Lato Oscuro di Marte - Dal Mito Alla Colonizzazione
Nel più completo, dettagliato e aggiornato libro mai pubblicato su Marte, l’autore espone la sua minuziosa ricerca riguardo tutte le conoscenze sul pianeta rosso, anticipa le prossime rivelazioni scientifiche e ci guida alla ricerca di possibili risposte alle domande riguardanti il perché il pianeta rosso è stato così importante per tutte le antiche civiltà, e sul probabile perché sia sovente stato associato a una divinità della guerra e ai concetti di vita e rinascita. Dalle prime osservazioni fino alle ultime scoperte scientifiche frutto dell’esplorazione spaziale, l’autore propone un viaggio tra astronomia, storia, mitologia e attualità. Pagina dopo pagina emerge chiaro come...
Building a Better Normal
Drawing on case studies and narrative reflections, contributors offer crucial insights that can guide higher education and schools of education on structural and conceptual shifts in approaches to leadership, research, teaching, learning, and student and staff well-being.
