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Placebo and Pain
The placebo effect continues to fascinate scientists, scholars, and clinicians, resulting in an impressive amount of research, mainly in the field of pain. While recent experimental and clinical studies have unraveled salient aspects of the neurobiological substrates and clinical relevance of pain and placebo analgesia, an authoritative source remained lacking until now. By presenting and integrating a broad range of research, Placebo and Pain enhances readers' knowledge about placebo and nocebo effects, reexamines the methodology of clinical trials, and improves the therapeutic approaches for patients suffering from pain. Review for Placebo and Pain:"This ambitious book is the first compreh...
Clinical Research in Complementary Therapies
The use of complementary therapies is exploding, increasing the pressure to establish a rigorous science to support its practice. Clinical Research in Complementary Therapies: Principles, Problems and Solutions provides students with the tools they need to research complementary and integrative medicine (CIM) and so fill this gap. Essential for both undergraduate and postgraduate students, this second edition is significantly updated and enhanced. Part 1 deals with research strategies and methods, explaining the major types of clinical research in CIM and how these inter-relate. New chapters are included on whole systems research, qualitative research and questionnaire development. Not all t...
Psychotherapy in Pain Management
Within the current opiate crisis, this book provides a timely, comprehensive guide for psychological treatment with chronic pain patients. It is written for academic and practicing psychological professionals, in addition to graduate students, neuroscientists, and neuropsychologists. It provides an explanation of neurophysiological pain processing based the Dimensional Systems Model (DSM), a theory of higher cortical functions. Novel views on the roles of the basal ganglia, cerebellum, and cingulate cortex are presented here, while the applied Clinical Biopsychological Model (CBM) is used to explain psychological treatment with chronic pain patients. Three new areas of treatment focus are discussed in this book, including specific approaches to deal with influential negative emotional memories, interpersonal relationship stressors, and loss-related depression, all of which have been shown to influence chronic pain disorders. Detailed information on how to do assessment, conceptualization, and treatment is also provided. In total, the book offers a unique viewpoint unavailable in any other source.
Placebo and Pain
Persistent pain conditions, such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), are often accompanied by primary and widespread secondary hyperalgesia, as evidenced by higher pain ratings in response to induced heat stimuli. These forms of hyperalgesia are not static but are dynamically maintained by impulse input from colorectal tissues as well as descending inhibition and facilitation. Two phenomena that closely relate to descending control are nocebo and placebo effects. The latter occur in relation to treatments and are partly mediated by desire for relief, expected pain intensity, and reduced negative emotions. These factors can predict clinical outcomes and could be very useful in managing placebo responses in clinical trials. Evidence also exists that tonic peripheral input and descending inhibition/facilitation interact synergistically such that removing either component alone has potent anti-hyperalgesic effects in the case of IBS. This principle may apply to other persistent pain conditions, including neuropathic pain.
Placebo and Pain
The magnitude of placebo analgesia effects has been shown to vary across meta-analyses. The conceptualization of placebo effects, and the way in which they are induced, influence the magnitude of placebo analgesia effects. This has been indicated by meta-analyses and further confirmed by experimental studies. In general, small placebo analgesia effects are found in clinical trials in which placebo is used as a control condition, whereas large effects are found in placebo mechanism studies investigating how expectations and emotional feelings contribute to placebo analgesia effects. At present, meta-analyses are used to investigate the seemingly increasing analgesic effects following placebo administration in clinical trials. Current knowledge about placebo mechanisms could contribute to the investigation of these analgesic effects and thereby help to develop new ways of testing pain medication, which ultimately may be of benefit for pain patients.
Placebo
Due to the recent explosion of placebo research at many levels the Editors believe that a volume on Placebo would be a good addition to the Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology series. In particular, this volume will be built up on a meeting on Placebo which will be held in Tuebingen (Germany) in January 2013, and where the most prominent researchers in this field will present and exchange their ideas. The authors who will be invited to write chapters for this volume will be the very same speakers at this meeting, thus guaranteeing high standard and excellence in the topic that will be treated. The approach of the book is mainly pharmacological, including basic research and clinical trials, and the contents range from different medical conditions and systems, such as pain and the immune system, to different experimental approaches, like in vivo receptor binding and pharmacological/behavioral conditioning. Overall, the volume will give an idea of modern placebo research, of timely concepts in both experimental and clinical pharmacology, as well as of modern methods and tools in neuroscience.
Neurobiology of the Placebo Effect, Part I
Neurobiology of the Placebo Effect, Part I, Volume 138 in the International Review of Neurobiology series, is the first of two volumes that provide the latest placebo studies in clinically relevant models. Placebo responses effects are not merely a psychological, but a complex psycho-neuro-biological process that requires activation of distinct brain areas. This book discusses current research and projects on the involved brain circuitry and neurotransmitter systems. Specific chapters cover such topics as pharmacological conditioning of the endocrine and immune system, expectancy modulation of opioid neurotransmission, nocebo effects in visceral pain, and conditioning as a higher-order cognitive phenomenon, amongst other topics. - Latest placebo studies in clinically relevant models - Current research and projects on the involved brain circuitry and neurotransmitter systems - Specific chapters on applications
Inner Experience and Neuroscience
A proposal for merging a science of human consciousness with neuroscience and psychology. The study of consciousness has advanced rapidly over the last two decades. And yet there is no clear path to creating models for a direct science of human experience or for integrating its insights with those of neuroscience, psychology, and philosophy. In Inner Experience and Neuroscience, Donald Price and James Barrell show how a science of human experience can be developed through a strategy that integrates experiential paradigms with methods from the natural sciences. They argue that the accuracy and results of both psychology and neuroscience would benefit from an experiential perspective and metho...
