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Artificial Intelligence Logic and Applications
This book constitutes refereed proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Logic and Applications 2022 held in Shanghai, China from August 26–28, 2022. The 20 full papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 27 submissions. The papers in the volume are organised according to the following topical headings: program logic; fuzzy logic; applications; author index.
Mechanism and Pharmacodynamic Material Basis of Neurodegenerative Disease Therapies
Neurodegenerative diseases are debilitating disorders defined as loss of function or progressive destructing structure of the nervous system with high prevalence among the aging population. These diseases mainly include Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), Huntington’s disease (HD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). They are significantly associated with age and degeneration, becoming a devastating global health issue as a result of the growth of mean life expectancy worldwide. Few or no effective treatments are available for age-related neurodegenerative diseases, causing large socioeconomic and personal costs. The last 15 years have seen a boom in the use and in...
Novel Treatments and the Underlying Mechanisms for Diabetic Foot and Related Diseases
Diabetic foot is a serious complication of diabetes worldwide. The etiology of diabetic foot is quite complex due to its multifactorial nature. Diabetic neuropathy, peripheral artery disease, foot deformity, high blood glucose and secondary infection all can contribute to diabetic foot ulceration and gangrene, sometimes resulting in minor or major amputations. Several risk factors including old age, long-term diabetes, smoking, foot deformity, and ischemia have been identified in diabetic foot. Many diagnostic methods are used for early-stage diabetic neuropathy and peripheral arterial disease, such as pulse wave, ankle-brachial artery ratio, Sudoscan, gait analysis, etc. Due to the high glucose environment, metabolic disorder, ischemia and peripheral neuropathy, diabetic foot ulcer is much more difficult to heal than common traumatic wounds. Therefore, in addition to existing treatments, new methods or techniques are still needed to improve wound healing. We also expect to find novel pathways to elucidate the complicated mechanisms involved in diabetic foot and diabetic wound healing.
El Niño
The term El Niño (Spanish for "the Christ Child") was originally used by fishermen along the coasts of Ecuador and Peru to refer to a warm ocean current that typically appears around Christmastime and lasts for several months. Fish are less abundant during these warm intervals, yet in some years, however, the water is especially warm and the break in the fishing season persists into May or even June. El Niño also brings heavy rains. During the past 40 years, nine El Niños have affected the South American coast. Most of them raised water temperatures not only along the coast, but also at the Galapagos islands and in a belt stretching 5000 miles across the equatorial Pacific. The weaker events raised sea temperatures only by one to two degrees Fahrenheit, but the strong ones, like the El Niño of 1982-83, left an imprint, not only upon the local weather and marine life, but also on climatic conditions around the globe. This book includes a detailed overview and bibliography with complete title, author and subject indexes.
A Brief History of the Chinese Language VII
As the seventh volume of a multi-volume set on the Chinese language, this book studies the Mongolian influence on neologisms in Modern Chinese and innovations in word formation and lexical meanings during the period. Focusing on lexicons in Modern Chinese, the Chinese language used since the 13th century CE, this book first introduces new monosyllables and the entry of spoken idioms and dialects into the written language as well as the mingling of the Chinese language with the Mongolian and Manchu languages. It then focuses on the development and features of polysyllabic words in Modern Chinese, covering alliterative and rhyming compounds and trisyllabic and four-syllable words. The final chapter discusses the change of lexical meaning systems in Modern Chinese based on an analysis of monosyllables, disyllables and polysyllables. Illustrated with abundant examples, this comprehensive groundwork on Chinese lexical history will be a must read for scholars and students studying the modern Chinese language and linguistics and especially for beginning learners of the modern Chinese lexicon.
Heat Stress In Food Grain Crops: Plant Breeding and Omics Research
Heat Stress In Food Grain Crops: Plant Breeding and Omics Research is a timely compilation of advanced research on heat stress affecting crop yield, plant growth & development of common food grain and cereal crops. Chapters in the book cover several aspects of crop science including the identification of potential gene donors for heat tolerance, physiological mechanisms of adaptation to heat stress, the use of conventional and modern tools of breeding for imparting tolerance against terminal temperature stress and precise mapping of heat tolerant QTLs through biparental and genome wide association mapping. The use of genomics and phenomics methods is focused on through chapters dedicated to important crops such as groundnut, pearl millet, maize, chickpea, mungbean and wheat. Authors of the respective chapters explain the importance of harnessing a diverse crop genepool for sustaining crop production under conditions of increasing heat stress. Readers will be able to understand the relevance of functional genomics in elucidating candidate genes and their regulatory functions contributing to heat tolerance
Chinese Asianism, 1894-1945
Chinese Asianism examines Chinese intellectual discussions of East Asian solidarity, analyzing them in connection with Chinese nationalism and Sino–Japanese relations. Beginning with texts written after the first Sino–Japanese War of 1894 and concluding with Wang Jingwei’s failed government in World War II, Craig Smith engages with a period in which the Chinese empire had crumbled and intellectuals were struggling to adapt to imperialism, new and hegemonic forms of government, and radically different epistemes. He considers a wide range of writings that show the depth of the pre-war discourse on Asianism and the influence it had on the rise of nationalism in China. Asianism was a “ca...
