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Liquid Fuels
Liquid Fuels discusses the properties, classification, manufacturing, and practical use of liquid fuels. The book is organized into 10 chapters discussing the various aspects of liquid fuels, from source to storage. Chapters 1 and 2 present the main source of liquid fuels and other sources such as oil shales and coal. Chapter 3 illustrates the physical and chemical tests used to determine the properties of liquid fuels and the significance of these properties to the practical applications of the different types of fuels. Fuels for spark and compression ignition engines are discussed in Chapters 4 and 5. Chapter 6 presents the combustion and atomization of fuel oils. Chapters 7 to 9 enumerate the industrial and household uses of liquid fuels. The final chapter deals with the handling and storage of liquid fuels. Students of chemical engineering and metallurgy and people working at industries requiring the use of liquid fuels in their manufacturing processes will find the book useful.
Liquid Fuels
Liquid fuels are those combustible or energy-generating molecules that can be harnessed to create mechanical energy. Most liquid fuels, in widespread use, are or derived from fossil fuels such as gasoline, diesel, kerosene, alcohols, and hydrogen. In this book, the authors present topical research in the study of the types, properties and production of liquid fuels. Topics discussed include ultra-deep desulfurisation sorbents for liquid fuels; coal mine methane emission mitigation technologies; high yield biofuel production from vegetable oils with supercritical alcohols; polymer waste pyrolysis for liquid fuel production; liquid biofuel production made from castor seed oil and production of renewable liquid fuels using different fuel processing methods.
Combustion of Liquid Fuel Sprays
Combustion of Liquid Fuel Sprays outlines the fundamentals of the combustion of sprays in a unified way which may be applied to any technological application. The book begins with a discussion of the general nature of spray combustion, the sources of liquid fuels used in spray combustion, biomass sources of liquid fuels, and the nature and properties of fuel oils. Subsequent chapters focus on the properties of sprays, the atomization of liquid fuels, and the theoretical modeling of the behavior of a spray flame in a combustion chamber. The nature and control of pollutants from spray combustion, the formation of deposits in oil-fired systems, and the combustion of sprays in furnaces and engines are elucidated as well. The text is intended for students undertaking courses or research in fuel, combustion, and energy studies.
Producing Liquid Fuels from Coal
Large U.S. coal reserves and viable technology make promising a domestic industry producing liquid fuels from coal. Weighing benefits, costs, and environmental issues, a productive and robust U.S. strategy is to promote a limited amount of early commercial experience in coal-to-liquids production and to prepare the foundation for managing associated greenhouse-gas emissions, both in a way that reduces uncertainties and builds future capabilities.
Combustion of Liquid Fuels in Diesel Engine
Hitherto, definite specifications have always been made for fuel oils and they have been classified as more or less good or non-utilizable. The present aim, however, is to build Diesel engines capable of using even the poorest liquid fuels and especially the waste products of the oil industry, without special chemical or physical preparation.
Liquid Transportation Fuels from Coal and Biomass
The transportation sector cannot continue on its current path: The volatility of oil prices threatens the U.S. economy, the large proportion of oil importation threatens U.S. energy security, and the massive contribution of greenhouse gases threatens the environment. The development of domestic sources of alternative transportation fuels with lower greenhouse emissions is now a national imperative. Coal and biomass are in abundant supply in the United States and can be converted to liquid fuels that can be combusted in existing and future vehicles. Their abundant supply makes them attractive candidates to provide non-oil-based liquid fuels to the U.S. transportation system. However, there ar...
