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"The decision to devote a separate volume to one of the departments of the National Museum is justified by the long history and great cultural, artistic, and patriotic importance of the Czartoryski collection, which formed an independent institution until 1950. This oldest Polish museum was founded at Puławy in 1801 and refounded in Cracow in 1876, three years earlier than the National Museum. It is for this reason that the second volume appears before the first one. Its publication nearly coincides with the hundredth anniversary of the foundation of the Czartoryski Museum in Cracow."--Front inside flap of dust jacket.
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Missing from most accounts of the modern history of Jews in Europe is the experience of what was once the largest Jewish community in the world—an oversight that Gershon David Hundert corrects in this history of Eastern European Jews in the eighteenth century. The experience of eighteenth-century Jews in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth did not fit the pattern of integration and universalization—in short, of westernization—that historians tend to place at the origins of Jewish modernity. Hundert puts this experience, that of the majority of the Jewish people, at the center of his history. He focuses on the relations of Jews with the state and their role in the economy, and on more "internal" developments such as the popularization of the Kabbalah and the rise of Hasidism. Thus he describes the elements of Jewish experience that became the basis for a "core Jewish identity"—an identity that accompanied the majority of Jews into modernity.
Analyzes the life, work, and reception of a founding father of modern Jewish art in Eastern Europe.
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