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The Anatomy of the Transmission of Macroprudential Policies
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 57

The Anatomy of the Transmission of Macroprudential Policies

We analyze how regulatory constraints on household leverage—in the form of loan-to-income and loan-to-value limits—a?ect residential mortgage credit and house prices as well as other asset classes not directly targeted by the limits. Supervisory loan level data suggest that mortgage credit is reallocated from low-to high-income borrowers and from urban to rural counties. This reallocation weakens the feedback loop between credit and house prices and slows down house price growth in “hot” housing markets. Consistent with constrained lenders adjusting their portfolio choice, more-a?ected banks drive this reallocation and substitute their risk-taking into holdings of securities and corporate credit.

Pushed Past the Limit? How Japanese Banks Reacted to Negative Interest Rates
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 50

Pushed Past the Limit? How Japanese Banks Reacted to Negative Interest Rates

In this paper, we investigate how negative interest rate policy (NIRP) introduced in January 2016 by the Bank of Japan (BoJ) affected Japanese banks' lending and risk taking behavior. The BoJ's announcement was an unexpected surprise to the market and was followed by a sharp drop in equity prices of Japanese financial firms. We exploit the cross-sectional variation in the change of share prices on the day of the announcement to measure banks' differential exposure to NIRP. We show that more exposed banks increased their credit and took on more risk compared to banks that were less exposed to negative rates.

Dampening Global Financial Shocks: Can Macroprudential Regulation Help (More than Capital Controls)?
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 41

Dampening Global Financial Shocks: Can Macroprudential Regulation Help (More than Capital Controls)?

We show that macroprudential regulation can considerably dampen the impact of global financial shocks on emerging markets. More specifically, a tighter level of regulation reduces the sensitivity of GDP growth to VIX movements and capital flow shocks. A broad set of macroprudential tools contribute to this result, including measures targeting bank capital and liquidity, foreign currency mismatches, and risky forms of credit. We also find that tighter macroprudential regulation allows monetary policy to respond more countercyclically to global financial shocks. This could be an important channel through which macroprudential regulation enhances macroeconomic stability. These findings on the benefits of macroprudential regulation are particularly notable since we do not find evidence that stricter capital controls provide similar gains.

The Rise of Central Banks
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 353

The Rise of Central Banks

A bold history of the rise of central banks, showing how institutions designed to steady the ship of global finance have instead become as destabilizing as they are dominant. While central banks have gained remarkable influence over the past fifty years, promising more stability, global finance has gone from crisis to crisis. How do we explain this development? Drawing on original sources ignored in previous research, The Rise of Central Banks offers a groundbreaking account of the origins and consequences of central banks’ increasing clout over economic policy. Many commentators argue that ideas drove change, indicating a shift in the 1970s from Keynesianism to monetarism, concerned with ...

Research Handbook on Cyberwarfare
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 429

Research Handbook on Cyberwarfare

This Research Handbook provides a rigorous analysis of cyberwarfare, a widely misunderstood field of contemporary conflict and geopolitical competition. Gathering insights from leading scholars and practitioners, it examines the actors involved in cyberwarfare, their objectives and strategies, and scrutinises the impact of cyberwarfare in a world dependent on connectivity.

The Incomplete Currency
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 552

The Incomplete Currency

A fact-based treatise on the Eurozone crisis, with analysis of possible solutions The Incomplete Currency is the only technical — yet accessible — analysis of the current Eurozone crisis from a global perspective. The discussion begins by explaining how the Euro's architecture, the relationship between finance and the real economy, and the functioning of the Eurosystem in general are all at the root of the current crisis, and then explores possible solutions rooted in fact, not theory. All topics are analysed and illustrated, making extensive use of examples, tables, and graphics, and the ideas presented are supported by data sets and their statistical elaborations throughout the book. A...

Understanding Sustainability Principles and ESG Policies
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 490

Understanding Sustainability Principles and ESG Policies

This textbook explores sustainability, climate change, and the corporate responsibility movement from a broad array of perspectives, including the challenges, risks, and opportunities of ESG policies, energy and environmental science, economics and philosophy, and sound public and private sector management. There is no intergenerational issue that is more pressing than the challenge of sustainability and climate change. It is a concern that will only worsen within any reader’s lifetime, especially if we fail to act. At the same time, there is growing concern among corporations arising from the Environment, Social and Governance (ESG) paradigm that includes climate risk, future profits, and...

Zombies on the Brink: Evidence from Japan on the Reversal of Monetary Policy Effectiveness
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 41

Zombies on the Brink: Evidence from Japan on the Reversal of Monetary Policy Effectiveness

How does unconventional monetary policy affect corporate capital structure and investment decisions? We study the transmission channel of quantitative easing and its potential diminishing returns on investment from a corporate finance perspective. Using a rich bank-firm matched data of Japanese firms with information on corporate debt and investment, we study how firms adjust their capital structure in response to the changes in term premia. Investment responds positively to a reduction in the term premium on average. However, there is a significant degree of cross-sectional variation in firm response: healthier firms increase capital spending and cash holdings, while financially vulnerable firms take advantage of lower long-term yields to refinance without increasing investment.

Leveraged
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 318

Leveraged

An authoritative guide to the new economics of our crisis-filled century. Published in collaboration with the Institute for New Economic Thinking. The 2008 financial crisis was a seismic event that laid bare how financial institutions’ instabilities can have devastating effects on societies and economies. COVID-19 brought similar financial devastation at the beginning of 2020 and once more massive interventions by central banks were needed to heed off the collapse of the financial system. All of which begs the question: why is our financial system so fragile and vulnerable that it needs government support so often? For a generation of economists who have risen to prominence since 2008, the...

Climate Change Risk Management in Banks
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 328

Climate Change Risk Management in Banks

Banks, like other businesses, endeavor to drive revenue and growth, while deftly managing the risks. Dubbed the next "frontier" in risk management for financial services, climate related risks are the newest and potentially the most challenging set of risks that banks are encountering. On the one hand, banks must show their commitment to becoming net zero and, on the other, help their customers transition to more sustainable operations, all this while managing climate-related financial risks. It is a paradigm shift from how the banking industry has traditionally managed risks as climate change risks are complex. They are multilayered, multidimensional with uncertain climate pathways that imp...