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Platelets in Myocardial Ischemia/reperfusion Injury
Abstract: Coronary artery disease, including myocardial infarction (MI), remains a leading cause of global mortality. Rapid reperfusion therapy is key to the improvement of patient outcome but contributes substantially to the final cardiac damage. This phenomenon is called "ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI)." The underlying mechanisms of IRI are complex and not fully understood. Contributing cellular and molecular mechanisms involve the formation of microthrombi, alterations in ion concentrations, pH shifts, dysregulation of osmolality, and, importantly, inflammation. Beyond their known action as drivers of the development of coronary plaques leading to MI, platelets have been identified as ...
Platelet Contributions to Myocardial Ischemia/reperfusion Injury
Abstract: Obstruction of a coronary artery causes ischemia of heart tissue leading to myocardial infarction. Prolonged oxygen deficiency provokes tissue necrosis, which can result in heart failure and death of the patient. Therefore, restoration of coronary blood flow (reperfusion of the ischemic area) by re-canalizing the affected vessel is essential for a better patient outcome. Paradoxically, sudden reperfusion also causes tissue injury, thereby increasing the initial ischemic damage despite restoration of blood flow (=ischemia/reperfusion injury, IRI). Myocardial IRI is a complex event that involves various harmful mechanisms (e.g., production of reactive oxygen species and local increas...
Nancy Caroline's Emergency Care in the Streets
This fully updated edition covers every competency statement of the National EMS education standards for paramedics with clarity and precision in a concise format that ensures student comprehension and encourages critical thinking. This edition emphasizes the ideal that becoming a paramedic is a continual pursuit of growth and excellence throughout an entire career.
