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Transport infrastructure and logistics, not least domestic food transport networks, are an integral part of agrifood systems, and play a fundamental role in ensuring physical access to food. However, the resilience of these networks has rarely been studied. This study fills this gap and analyses the structure of food transport networks for a total of 90 countries, as well as their resilience through a set of indicators. Findings show that where food is transported more locally and where the network is denser, systematic disturbances have a much lower impact. This is mostly the case for high-income countries, as well as for densely populated countries like China, India, Nigeria and Pakistan. ...
This guide aims at providing fishers, as well as fishery extension officers, with a tool to acquire the basic knowledge needed to carry out hookah diving safely. Through simple language and numerous illustrations, the guide describes the basic rules of diving, the potential risks associated with this activity and what to do to minimize them, as well as other useful tips to improve hookah diving operations. The guide, however, is not intended as a comprehensive manual for commercial divers. Rather, it is strongly recommended that fishers who want to engage in hookah or SCUBA diving receive appropriate training by a qualified diving instructor. The guide is divided into two parts. The first part is intended for fishery extension officers to help them understand the risks of hookah and SCUBA diving and to provide them with information that should increase good practices for this type of fishing. The second part is intended for the fishers themselves; it outlines the risks associated with hookah diving and recommends practices that should help prevent any work-related accident associated with this diving practice.
La pandémie de covid-19 a fait apparaître au grand jour la vulnérabilité des systèmes agroalimentaires face aux chocs et aux situations de stress et entraîné une augmentation de l’insécurité alimentaire et de la malnutrition au niveau mondial. Des mesures doivent être prises pour rendre les systèmes agroalimentaires plus résilients, plus efficients, plus durables et plus inclusifs. L’édition 2021 de La Situation mondiale de l’alimentation et de l’agriculture présente des indicateurs de la résilience des systèmes agroalimentaires au niveau des pays. Ces indicateurs permettent de mesurer la solidité de la production primaire et des disponibilités alimentaires et l’a...
COVID-19疫情暴露了农业粮食体系在遭受冲击和压力时的不堪一击,同时还加剧了全球粮食不安全和营养不良。全世界亟需采取行动,提高农业粮食体系的韧性、效率、可持续性和包容性。 《2021年粮食及农业状况》提出了国家层面的农业粮食体系韧性指标。这些指标旨在衡量初级生产和粮食供应的稳健程度,以及在物质上和经济上获取粮食的机会;因此,有助于评估国家农业粮食体系消化冲击和压力的能力 — 这也是评估韧性的关键方面。 本报告分析了粮食供应链的脆弱性以及农村家庭如何应对风险和冲击。建设韧性可能与提高效率和包容性之间存在各种权衡取舍。报告讨论了最大限度减少这种取舍的备选方案,以便为政策制定者提供指导,加强粮食供应链的韧性,支持农业粮食体系的生计,并在面临冲击时,确保所有人可持续获得充足、安全、有营养的食物。
Пандемия COVID-19 продемонстрировала уязвимость агропродовольственных систем к потрясениям и стрессам и усугубила ситуацию с отсутствием продовольственной безопасности и неполноценным питанием во всем мире. Необходимо принять меры для того, чтобы сделать агропродовольственные системы более жизнестойкими, эффективными, устойчивыми и инклюзивными. В докладе "Положение дел в обл...
كشفت جائحة كوفيد-19 مدى هشاشة النظم الزراعية والغذائية أمام الصدمات وحالات الإجهاد وأفضت إلى ازدياد انعدام الأمن الغذائي وسوء التغذية في العالم. ولا بد من اتخاذ إجراءات لجعل النظم الزراعية والغذائية أكثر قدرة على الصمود وكفاءة واستدامة وشمولاً. يعرض تقرير حالة الأمن الغذائي والتغذية لعام 2021 مؤشرات على المستوى القطري لقدرة النظم الزراعية والغذائية على الصمود. وتقيس هذه المؤشرات مد...
La pandemia de la enfermedad por coronavirus (COVID-19) puso de manifiesto la vulnerabilidad de los sistemas agroalimentarios a las perturbaciones y tensiones y dio lugar a una mayor inseguridad alimentaria y malnutrición a nivel mundial. Es necesario adoptar medidas para lograr que los sistemas agroalimentarios sean más resilientes, eficientes, sostenibles e inclusivos. EL ESTADO MUNDIAL DE LA AGRICULTURA Y LA ALIMENTACION 2021 presenta indicadores a nivel nacional de la resiliencia de los sistemas agroalimentarios. Los indicadores miden la solidez de la producción primaria y la disponibilidad de alimentos, así como el acceso físico y económico a los mismos. Por tanto, estos indicador...
The COVID-19 pandemic exposed the vulnerability of agrifood systems to shocks and stresses and led to increased global food insecurity and malnutrition. Action is needed to make agrifood systems more resilient, efficient, sustainable and inclusive. The State of Food and Agriculture 2021 presents country-level indicators of the resilience of agrifood systems. The indicators measure the robustness of primary production and food availability, as well as physical and economic access to food. They can thus help assess the capacity of national agrifood systems to absorb shocks and stresses, a key aspect of resilience. The report analyses the vulnerabilities of food supply chains and how rural households cope with risks and shocks. It discusses options to minimize trade-offs that building resilience may have with efficiency and inclusivity. The aim is to offer guidance on policies to enhance food supply chain resilience, support livelihoods in the agrifood system and, in the face of disruption, ensure sustainable access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food to all.
This open access book offers a summary of the development of Digital Earth over the past twenty years. By reviewing the initial vision of Digital Earth, the evolution of that vision, the relevant key technologies, and the role of Digital Earth in helping people respond to global challenges, this publication reveals how and why Digital Earth is becoming vital for acquiring, processing, analysing and mining the rapidly growing volume of global data sets about the Earth. The main aspects of Digital Earth covered here include: Digital Earth platforms, remote sensing and navigation satellites, processing and visualizing geospatial information, geospatial information infrastructures, big data and ...
Measuring Transport Equity provides a range of methods with the potential to shape transport decision-making processes, thus allowing for the adoption of more equitable transport solutions. Presenting numerous applied methods and applications of transport equity assessment, this book formalizes the disciplinary practice, definitions, and methodologies for transport equity. In addition, it recognizes the different types of equity and acknowledges that each requires its own assessment methodologies. Bringing together the most up-to-date perspectives and practical approaches for assessing equity in relation to accessibility, environmental impacts, health, and wellbeing, the book sets standards for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners for conducting social impact analyses and is an ideal reference for those involved in transport planning.