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Information retrieval (IR) is a complex human activity supported by sophisticated systems. Information science has contributed much to the design and evaluation of previous generations of IR system development and to our general understanding of how such systems should be designed and yet, due to the increasing success and diversity of IR systems, many recent textbooks concentrate on IR systems themselves and ignore the human side of searching for information. This book is the first text to provide an information science perspective on IR. Unique in its scope, the book covers the whole spectrum of information retrieval, including: history and background information behaviour and seeking task...
This unique book presents authoritative overviews of more than 70 conceptual frameworks for understanding how people seek, manage, share, and use information in different contexts. A practical and readable reference to both well-established and newly proposed theories of information behavior, the book includes contributions from 85 scholars from 10 countries. Each theory description covers origins, propositions, methodological implications, usage, links to related conceptual frameworks, and listings of authoritative primary and secondary references. The introductory chapters explain key concepts, theorymethod connections, and the process of theory development.
Information can be conceptualized in two fundamentally yet contradictory ways_it appears in the world as both a physical and a cognitive phenomenon. The dilemma information specialists face is similar to that of physicists who must cope with light as both a wave and a particle. Unlike physics, however, information science has yet to develop a unified theory that unites the contradictory conceptions of its essential theoretical object. While there are numerous books today that address information science as a scholarly discipline, for the most part they assume a prior knowledge of the field. The Problem of Information provides an accessible introduction to the essential concepts and research issues of information science while exploring the indeterminate nature of information as a theoretical object. Signifying how information science contributes to the disciplines from which it borrows, this book provides insight into computer science, cognitive psychology, semiotics, sociology, and political science. Designed specifically for the beginner student new to the field of information science.
Information retrieval (IR) is becoming an increasingly important area as scientific, business and government organisations take up the notion of "information superhighways" and make available their full text databases for searching. Containing a selection of 35 papers taken from the 17th Annual SIGIR Conference held in Dublin, Ireland in July 1994, the book addresses basic research and provides an evaluation of information retrieval techniques in applications. Topics covered include text categorisation, indexing, user modelling, IR theory and logic, natural language processing, statistical and probabilistic models of information retrieval systems, routing, passage retrieval, and implementation issues.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third International Conference on Image and Video Retrieval, CIVR 2004, held in Dublin, Ireland in July 2004. The 31 revised full papers and 44 poster papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 125 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on image annotation and user searching, image and video retrieval algorithms, person and event identification for retrieval, content-based image and video retrieval, and user perspectives.
Has the information behavior of children and youth changed significantly over the last two decades? The Information Behavior of a New Generation: Children and Teens in the 21st Century attempts to answer this question from a variety of viewpoints. Thirteen researchers from educational psychology, computer science, education, and information studies have contributed to eleven chapters on models of information behavior, the cognitive development of youth, information literacy, everyday information behavior, cyber-bullying, gaming in virtual environments, learning labs, social networks, intellectual disabilities, and current and future systems. Whether they are referred to as digital natives, t...
This volume contains the revised versions of the papers presented at the Eighth International Symposium on Methodologies for Intelligent Systems (ISMIS '94), held in Charlotte, North Carolina, USA in October 1994. Besides four invited contributions by renowned researchers on key topics, there are 56 full papers carefully selected from more than 120 submissions. The book presents the state of the art for methodologies for intelligent systems; the papers are organized in sections on approximate reasoning, evolutionary computation, intelligent information systems, knowledge representation, methodologies, learning and adaptive systems, and logic for AI.
The Internet has changed the way we access the world. This is especially true for kids, who soak up new technologies like eager little sponges. They have access to an enormous array of material, including educational links, sports info, chat roomsâ€"and, unfortunately, pornography. But we must approach our need to protect children with care to avoid placing unnecessary restrictions on the many positive features of the Internet. Youth, Pornography, and the Internet examines approaches to protecting children and teens from Internet pornography, threats from sexual predators operating on-line, and other inappropriate material on the Internet. The National Research Council's Computer Science ...
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 28th European Conference on Information Retrieval Research, ECIR 2006, held in London, April 2006. The 37 revised full papers and 28 revised poster papers presented are organized in topical sections on formal models, document and query representation and text understanding, topic identification and news retrieval, clustering and classification, refinement and feedback, performance and peer-to-peer networks, Web search, cross-language retrieval, genomic IR, and much more.