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Social machines are a type of network connected by interactive digital devices made possible by the ubiquitous adoption of technologies such as the Internet, the smartphone, social media and the read/write World Wide Web, connecting people at scale to document situations, cooperate on tasks, exchange information, or even simply to play. Existing social processes may be scaled up, and new social processes enabled, to solve problems, augment reality, create new sources of value, and disrupt existing practice. This book considers what talents one would need to understand or build a social machine, describes the state of the art, and speculates on the future, from the perspective of the EPSRC pr...
How smart machines are transforming us all — and what we should do about it. The smart machines revolution is re-shaping our lives and our societies. Here, Nigel Shadbolt (one of Britain’s leading authorities on artificial intelligence) and Roger Hampson dispel terror, confusion, and misconception. We are not about to be elbowed aside by a rebel army of super-intelligent robots of our own creation. We were using tools before we became Homo sapiens, and will continue to control them. How we exercise that control — in our private lives, in employment, in politics — and make the best of the wonderful opportunities, will determine our collective future well-being. Lucid, well-informed, and deeply human, The Digital Ape offers a unique approach. The authors prefer to add augmented wisdom to artificial intelligence.
Comprising a compendium of ergonomics methods and techniques, this text covers every aspect of human work. This edition provides a reworking of existing chapters on the framework and context of methodology, the observation of performance, task analysis, experimental and study design, data collection, product assessment, environmental assessments, measurement of work and the evaluation of work systems. New chapters cover topics including: the human-computer interface; computer-aided design; work stress; psychophysiological function; risk evaluation; fieldwork; and participatory work design.
We are entering a new state of global hypersurveillance. As we increasingly resort to technology for our work and play, our electronic activity leaves behind digital footprints that can be used to track our movements. In our cars, telephones, even our coffee machines, tiny computers communicating wirelessly via the Internet can serve as miniature witnesses, forming powerful networks whose emergent behaviour can be very complex, intelligent, and invasive. The question is: how much of an infringement on privacy are they? Exposing the invasion of our privacy from CCTVs to blogs, The Spy in the Coffee Machine explores what—if anything—we can do to prevent it from disappearing forever in the digital age, and provides readers with a much needed wake-up call to the benefits and dangers of this new technology.
In this report the Public Administration Select Committee (PASC) calls for a "wiki" approach to policy-making, where public opinion, ideas and contributions are sought and welcome at any and all stages of the policy cycle. The Government should be able to demonstrate that it has adopted this approach alongside ministerial leadership and responsibility for policy and its outcomes. All policy making carries risks: a lack of appetite for participation, disappointment arising from unrealistic expectations and the dominance of vested interests. Government must frankly assess and address these risks in relation to open policy making. Digital technology has a significant role to play in opening up ...
Prologue: The Value of Knowledge -- 2. Knowledge-Engineering Basics -- 3. The Task and Its Organizational Context -- 4. Knowledge Management -- 5. Knowledge Model Components -- 6. Template Knowledge Models -- 7. Knowledge Model Construction -- 8. Knowledge-Elicitation Techniques -- 9. Modelling Communication Aspects -- 10. Case Study: The Housing Application -- 11. Designing Knowledge Systems -- 12. Knowledge-System Implementation -- 13. Advanced Knowledge Modelling -- 14. UML Notations Used in Common KADS -- 15. Project Management.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Management, EKAW 2004, held in Whittleburg Hall, UK in October 2004. The 30 revised full papers and 21 revised short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on ontologies: mappings and translations; ontologies: problems and applications; ontologies: trust and e-learning; ontology maintenance; applications to medicine; portals; knowledge acquisition; Web services and problem solving; and searching, browsing, and knowledge acquisition.
Additional written evidence is available in Volume 3, available on the Committee website www.parliament.uk/pasc
Blade Runner 2049 is an outstanding collection of specially commissioned chapters on this long-awaited film, and is essential reading for students - indeed anyone - interested in philosophy and film studies.