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Development of a simple, reproducible and efficient in-vitro culture protocol for callus proliferation and direct organogenesis from nodal explants of Scoparia dulcis Linn, an exotic medicinal plant
For the development of an efficient callus initiation and direct organogenesis protocol in Scoparia dulcis Linn., an important medicinal plant, nodal segments of field grown plants were aseptically cultured on agar solidified MS medium supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of three PGRs, namely IAA, NAA and BA. The explants produced a green or light green compact callus on MS medium fortified with 0.5-2.0 mg/L BA in combination with 0.5-1.0 mg/l IAA or NAA. The maximum amount of callus was produced on MS with 1.5 mg/l BAP + 0.5 mg/l NAA in the case of explants. These callus tissues underwent differentiation when grown on a range of PGRs (BAP, IAA and NAA) supplemented media. The maximum number of callus was developed in medium containing 1.5 mg/l BAP + 0.5 mg/l NAA. Direct organogenesis underwent rapid elongation on elongation media and maximum elongation took place on MS with 1.5 mg/l BAP + 0.5 mg/l IAA. Antimicrobial activity of ethanol extracts of S. dulcis was also determined by using various bacterial strains. Ethanolic extracts of S. dulcis showed moderate activity against various organisms.
Antibacterial activity of the flower extracts of Caesalpinia pulcherrima L. against eye infection causing pathogens
Caesalpinia pulcherrima flowers have excellent antibacterial property. The present study aims to evaluate the antibacterial property Caesalpinia pulcherrima flower extract against clinically isolated eye infection causing Staphylococcus auerus. The (MIC) minimum inhibitory concentration and (MBC) minimum bactericidal concentration was found to be 200 µg/ml and 400 µg/ml. Antioxidant activity, spectroscopic and phytochemical analysis of the extract was also studied. This study concludes that Caesalpinia pulcherrima can be used as a potential natural remedy to treat eye infection.
In vitro study on the cosmetic activity of Nerium oleander on pimples
The leaves of Nerium oleander have excellent antibacterial property. The present study aims to evaluate the cosmetic activity of Nerium oleander leaf extract against clinically isolated pimple causing Staphylococcus aureus. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was found that dilution factor 200, and 300 respectively. Phytochemical analysis of the extract was also studied. This study concludes that Nerium oleander be used as a potential natural remedy to treat pimples.
Efficient in vitro callus induction protocol for three endemic medicinal plants (Cyclea peltata, Naegamia alata and Kaempferia galangal Linn.) in Kerala
A simple and reproducible protocol for in vitro callus induction from explants of three endemic plants (Cyclea peltata, Naregamia alata and Kaempferia galanga Linn.) have been developed. Explants collected from the field grown plants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentration/combination (s) of phytohormones. During the study period we evaluated the effect of different growth regulators in callus induction and its morphological analysis of the targeted plants. To optimize the callus induction of three different targeted explants were cultured on different concentration phytohormones. Among which the system include 2,4-D has the most efficient effect on the three experimental plants, Five different concentration taken for three explants, among that Cyclea peltata and Kaempferia galangal Linn. has the highest potential to induce callusing at 2 mg/L of 2,4 -D. In this study we found that there was no effect on callusing of the targeted plants was MS medium containing combination of auxin and cytokinin for callusing.
Optimization of Media Formulations for Callus Induction and direct Organogenesis in Justicia Gendrussa Burm Fil
Scientific Study from the year 2017 in the subject Biology - Botany, grade: 1.5, Mar Augusthinose College, language: English, abstract: In this study, the callus initiation and rhizogenesis of Justicia gendarussa from nodal and leaf explants were established in Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with different hormonal concentrations and also optimization of callus initiation at hormonal concentrations. As a result the callus was initiated on MS medium supplemented with different hormones. The higher concentration of NAA and BA induced callus from nodal and leaf explants. The higher concentrations of 2, 4 – D and kinetin induced callus on nodal explants. Lower concentration of 2, 4 â€...
Creatures of Empire
When we think of the key figures of early American history, we think of explorers, or pilgrims, or Native Americans--not cattle, or goats, or swine. But as Virginia DeJohn Anderson reveals in this brilliantly original account of colonists in New England and the Chesapeake region, livestock played a vitally important role in the settling of the New World. Livestock, Anderson writes, were a central factor in the cultural clash between colonists and Indians as well as a driving force in the expansion west. By bringing livestock across the Atlantic, colonists believed that they provided the means to realize America's potential. It was thought that if the Native Americans learned to keep livestoc...
Africa from the Sixteenth to the Eighteenth Century
A history of Africa from the 16th to the 18th centuries, this study concentrates on the continuing evolution of African states and cultures, the increase in external trade, and the consequences of the slave trade. The series is co-published in Africa with seven publishers, in the United States and Canada by the University of California Press, and in association with the UNESCO Press.
