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World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering September 7 - 12, 2009 Munich, Germany
Present Your Research to the World! The World Congress 2009 on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering – the triennial scientific meeting of the IUPESM - is the world’s leading forum for presenting the results of current scientific work in health-related physics and technologies to an international audience. With more than 2,800 presentations it will be the biggest conference in the fields of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering in 2009! Medical physics, biomedical engineering and bioengineering have been driving forces of innovation and progress in medicine and healthcare over the past two decades. As new key technologies arise with significant potential to open new options in ...
Three-dimensional Radiation Treatment
Radiation therapy is in the process of continual change, fueled by advances in computer technology, but also aided by the contributions of several disciplines such as physics, mathematics, radiological diagnostics, neurosurgery, and mechanical and electrical engineering. Based on the 3D imaging techniques CT and MRI, a complete change from the 2D consideration of the radiotherapy problem has taken place, leading to 3D treatment planning and to completely new treatment delivery systems. A 3D approach allows for a dramatic rethinking of the following central therapy issues: positioning, targeting, and dose and risk calculation. Major advances have been made in recent years in conformal or ster...
Tumor Response Monitoring and Treatment Planning
Medical imaging progressed to a standard undreamt of not very many years ago. The advances are due to continuous development of radiological techniques and the introduction of magnetic resonance imaging. With the improved and new methods three-dimensional target volumes for radiation therapy can be defined with hitherto unknown precision. This leads to an improvement in irradiation techniques and, as a consequence, to a higher likelihood of tumor control and a lower risk of normal tissue complications. Besides the improvement in irradiation techniques the new imaging methods may enable great strides in tumor response monitoring, not only in the detection of morphological alterations but also by showing physiological changes in the tumor during and after treatment by means of MRI and PET. This not only leads to better prognostic information but may also allow early evaluation of the response to treatment. It may then be possible to individualize the radiation dose but also the alternative-treatment for non-responders. This is certainly a future direction for radiation oncology.
Semiconductor Physics
It provides a lucid account of band structure, density of states, charge transport, energy transport, and optical processes, along with a detailed description of many devices. It includes sections on superlattices and quantum well structures, the effects of deep-level impurities on transport, and the quantum Hall effect. This 8th edition includes new treatments of superlattices, quantum wires, and quantum dots.
Solid Surfaces, Interfaces and Thin Films
This book emphasises both experimental and theoretical aspects of surface, interface and thin-film physics. As in previous editions the preparation of surfaces and thin films, their atomic and morphological structure, their vibronic and electronic properties as well as fundamentals of adsorption are treated. Because of their importance in modern information technology and nanostructure research, particular emphasis is paid to electronic surface and interface states, semiconductor space charge layers and heterostructures. A special chapter of the book is devoted to collective phenomena at interfaces and in thin films such as superconductivity and magnetism. The latter topic includes the meanw...
Physics and Applications of Quantum Wells and Superlattices
This book contains the lectures delivered at the NATO Advanced Study Institute on "Physics and Applications of Quantum Wells and Superlattices", held in Erice, Italy, on April 21-May 1, 1987. This course was the fourth one of the International School of Solid-State Device Research, which is under the auspices of the Ettore Majorana Center for Scientific Culture. In the last ten years, we have seen an enormous increase in re search in the field of Semiconductor Heterostructures, as evidenced by the large percentage of papers presented in recent international conferences on semiconductor physics. Undoubtfully, this expansion has been made possible by dramatic advances in materials preparation, mostly by molecular beam epitaxy and organometallic chemical vapor deposition. The emphasis on epitaxial growth that was prevalent at the beginning of the decade (thus, the second course of the School, held in 1983, was devoted to Molecular Beam Epitaxy and Heterostructures) has given way to a strong interest in new physical phenomena and new material structures, and to practical applications that are already emerging from them.
Optical Properties of Semiconductors
It is widely recognized that an understanding of the optical pro perties of matter will give a great deal of important information re levant to the fundamental physical properties. This is especially true in semiconductor physics for which, due to the intrinsic low screening of these materials, the optical response is quite rich. Their spectra reflect indeed as well electronic as spin or phonon transitions. This is also in the semiconductor field that artificial structures have been recently developed, showing for the first time specific physical properties related to the low dimentionality of the electronic and vi bronic properties : with this respect the quantum and fractional quan tum Hal...
Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths
Even at the beginning of the new millenium the rare earths still remain, to a certain extent, a mystery. The chapters in this volume will help to unravel some of these. In the filling of the 4f electronic orbitals the lanthanides defy the elementary aufbau principle that underlies the periodic sequence of the elements, and the authors of the first chapter introduce the readers to the basic physics of the orbital collapse leading to that failure. Furthermore an explanation is offered in terms of double-well potentials. The phenomenon is illustrated using the valence transitions observed in some of the rare earth atoms, including Sm group metals and the higher oxides of cerium, praseodymium an...
Theory of the Inhomogeneous Electron Gas
The theory of the inhomogeneous electron gas had its origin in the Thomas Fermi statistical theory, which is discussed in the first chapter of this book. This already leads to significant physical results for the binding energies of atomic ions, though because it leaves out shell structure the results of such a theory cannot reflect the richness of the Periodic Table. Therefore, for a long time, the earlier method proposed by Hartree, in which each electron is assigned its own personal wave function and energy, dominated atomic theory. The extension of the Hartree theory by Fock, to include exchange, had its parallel in the density description when Dirac showed how to incorporate exchange in the Thomas-Fermi theory. Considerably later, in 1951, Slater, in an important paper, showed how a result similar to but not identical with that of Dirac followed as a simplification of the Hartree-Fock method. It was Gombas and other workers who recognized that one could also incorporate electron correlation consistently into the Thomas-Fermi-Dirac theory by using uniform electron gas relations locally, and progress had been made along all these avenues by the 1950s.
Physics of New Laser Sources
This volume contains the lectures and seminars presented at the NATO Advanced Study Institute on "Physics of New Laser Sources", the twelfth course of the Europhysics School of Quantum Electronics, held under the supervision of the Quantum Electronics Division of the European Physical Society. The Institute was held at Centro "I Cappuccini" San Miniato, Tuscany, July 11-21, 1984. The Europhysics School of Quantum Electronics was started in 1970 with the aim of providing instruction for young researchers and advanced students already engaged in the area of quantum electronics or for those wishing to switch into this area after working previously in other areas. From the outset, the School has...
