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Since the mid-1970s, the term zone has often been associated with the post-war housing estates on the outskirts of large French cities. However, it once referred to a more circumscribed space: the zone non aedificandi (non-building zone) which encircled Paris (1840–1940). This unusual territory came to occupy a central place in Parisian culture. By analysing a wider range of sources from the duration of the zone’s existence, this study offers a nuanced account of how the area was perceived by successive generations of Parisian novelists, poets, songwriters, artists, photographers, film-makers, politicians and town-planners.
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Although the title is French, this new English language guide is designed for the American traveler. Ile-de-France, the historic region surrounding Paris, offers travelers a wealth of day trip excursions from the City of Lights. Michelin Ile-de-France unlocks the treasures of Versailles, Fontainebleau, the incomparable Chartres Cathedral and more.
This open access book explores the formation and socio-spatial trajectories of large housing estates in Europe. Are these estates clustered or scattered? Which social groups originally had access to residential space in housing estates? What is the size, scale and geography of housing estates, their architectural and built environment composition, services and neighbourhood amenities, and metropolitan connectivity? How do housing estates contribute to the urban mosaic of neighborhoods by ethnic and socio-economic status? What types of policies and planning initiatives have been implemented in order to prevent the social downgrading of housing estates? The collection of chapters in this book ...
The fully updated Green Guide Northern France and the Paris Region unlocks the secrets of the northern corner of France. Explore quaint villages and towns dotted across scenic rolling hills and pastures; experience the rich culture of historic Lille, the capital of French Flanders; venture outside the Paris city center in all directions for fascinating day trips. Michelin's famed star-rating system for attractions, clear maps, multiple driving and walking tours, color photos, plus recommendations for hotels and restaurants complete the picture for a great trip. Attractions reviewed and rated, using Michelin's celebrated star-rating system. Visit the rose-scented streets of the beautiful two-...
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The Global Innovation Index 2020 provides detailed metrics about the innovation performance of 131 countries and economies around the world. Its 80 indicators explore a broad vision of innovation, including political environment, education, infrastructure and business sophistication. The 2020 edition sheds light on the state of innovation financing by investigating the evolution of financing mechanisms for entrepreneurs and other innovators, and by pointing to progress and remaining challenges – including in the context of the economic slowdown induced by the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) crisis.