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Social Motivation
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Intuition
How reliable is our intuition? How much should we depend on gut-level instinct rather than rational analysis when we play the stock market, choose a mate, hire an employee, or assess our own abilities? In this engaging and accessible book, David G. Myers shows us that while intuition can provide us with useful—and often amazing—insights, it can also dangerously mislead us. Drawing on recent psychological research, Myers discusses the powers and perils of intuition when: • judges and jurors determine who is telling the truth; • mental health workers predict whether someone is at risk for suicide or crime; • coaches, players, and fans decide who has the hot hand or the hot bat; • personnel directors hire new employees; • psychics claim to be clairvoyant or to have premonitions; • and much more.
Plagiarism, Copyright Violation, and Other Thefts of Intellectual Property
What is intellectual property? Should copyright laws be modified to accommodate new ways of transmitting information? The debate over such questions has reemerged with the growth of the Internet and other means of electronically storing information. Over 600 articles written from 1900 through 1995 are fully annotated in this bibliography. The citations cover a wide range of material, from humorous anecdotes in popular magazines to scholarly discussions in academic journals. The entries are divided into three parts: the money trail; the detection and proof of violations and the punishment of offenders; and defending one’s property. A lengthy introduction first details how the concept of intellectual property came into being and then focuses on how governments and other entities deal with the issue.
The Extended Mind
A bold new book reveals how we can tap the intelligence that exists beyond our brains--in our bodies, our surroundings, and our relationships
Implicit Learning
There is considerable debate over the extent to which cognitive tasks can be learned non-consciously or implicitly. In recent years a large number of studies have demonstrated a discrepancy between explicit knowledge and measured performance. This book presents an overview of these studies and attempts to clarify apparently disparate results by placing them in a coherent theoretical framework. It draws on evidence from neuropsychological and computational modelling studies as well as the many laboratory experiments. Chapter one sets out the background to the large number of recent studies on implicit learning. It discusses research on implicit memory, perception without awareness, and automa...
Inside Intuition
This engaging overview of the academic theory of intuition and its cultural, psychological and philosophical background is essential reading for anyone interested in personal development and decision-making.
Machiavelli, Leonardo, and the Science of Power
In recent years, Niccolò Machiavelli's works have been viewed primarily with historical interest as analysis of the tactics used by immoral political officials. Roger D. Masters, a leading expert in the relationship between modern natural sciences and politics, argues boldly in this book that Machiavelli should be reconsidered as a major philosopher whose thought makes the wisdom of antiquity accessible to the modern (and post-modern) condition, and whose understanding of human nature is superior to that of Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, Marx, or Mill. Central to Masters's claim is his discovery, based on previously untranslated documents, that Machiavelli knew and worked with Leonardo da Vinci between 1502-1507. An interdisciplinary tour de force, Machiavelli, Leonardo, and the Science of Power will challenge, perplex, and ultimately delight readers with its evocative story of the relationship between Machiavelli and da Vinci, their crucial roles in the emergence of modernity, and the vast implications this holds for contemporary life and society.
Wave Propagation and Time Reversal in Randomly Layered Media
The content of this book is multidisciplinary by nature. It uses mathematical tools from the theories of probability and stochastic processes, partial differential equations, and asymptotic analysis, combined with the physics of wave propagation and modeling of time reversal experiments. It is addressed to a wide audience of graduate students and researchers interested in the intriguing phenomena related to waves propagating in random media. At the end of each chapter there is a section of notes where the authors give references and additional comments on the various results presented in the chapter.
Scientific Approaches to Consciousness
There are many ways to approach the understanding of consciousness. Questions about these ways have occupied philosophers and metaphysicians for centuries. During the early growth of cognitive science the problem of consciousness remained taboo, but an increasing number of studies have either implicitly or explicitly begun to bear on its nature. These have been inspired by a number of different different original questions, and focus on a variety of different empirical phenomena. Thus, studies of implicit memory, subliminal processing, strategic versus automatic processing, allocation of attention, and differences between information processes in the awake versus dreaming state all share a c...
